America’s 11 Most Endangered Historic Places - NTHP

FINAL DRAFT 2013 NOMINATION (27 February 2013)

Part I

 

Contact Name: William J. McKelvey, Chairman, Liberty Historic Railway, Inc.

E-mail: wjmckelvey@hotmail.com

Name of Place: Central Railroad of New Jersey, Jersey City Terminal Train Shed at Liberty State Park, New Jersey

Location: Foot of Audrey Zapp Drive (formerly Johnston Avenue) at the Hudson River,

Jersey City, New Jersey 07305

Date Submitted: February, 27, 2013

 

Part II

 

Why should this place be listed on NTHP’s Most Endangered List? (250 words - now 243)

The Train Shed structure, designed by Abraham Lincoln Bush and completed in 1914, is the largest of its type ever built, encompassing 20 tracks and 7.5 acres. Although abandoned and allowed to deteriorate since 1967, it is an important and connected part of the sole remaining building complex from the Central Railroad of New Jersey (CNJ) era at Liberty State Park. For 53 years passengers destined for Manhattan walked under this Shed and boarded ferries. Two-thirds of the estimated 12 to 17 million immigrants who entered the United States through Ellis Island boarded trains here to points throughout the

country to establish their new homes. German sabotage damaged the Shed which shook from the massive Black Tom munitions blast in 1916. Liberty State Park and the CNJ Terminal, until hurricane Sandy, were visited annually by nearly 5,000,000 people, many of whom rode ferries to visit the nearby Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island National Monuments. With breathtaking views of the National Monuments, the Manhattan skyline, and New York Harbor from the CNJ Terminal, Liberty State Park is the nation’s second most visited state park. A 2000 study which documented the Shed’s decades of neglect, also recommended that it could serve valuable public uses upon ultimate restoration. A 2012 Assessment Study observed “...if action is not taken soon there will be no Shed left to preserve.” Designation by the NTHP would focus attention on the Imminent Risk to this valuable historic resource.

 

Significance and potential newsworthy angles... (300 words - now 298 )

The unrestored 1914 Train Shed is an integral part of the restored 1889 Central Railroad of New Jersey, Jersey City Terminal and is physically connected to it. The entire building complex is listed on the New Jersey and National Historic Registers and is a National Historic Landmark. In 2012 the Train Shed was added to Preservation New Jersey’s Most Endangered Structures List. It is a major adjunct of the “Historic Trilogy” which also includes the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Immigration Station National Monuments. The Terminal is the cornerstone of the 1,212 acre Liberty State Park, dedicated in 1976 as

New Jersey’s Bicentennial gift to our Nation and is the focus of numerous community, metropolitan, statewide, and even national special events. Interpretive exhibits (to be reinstalled), offer present day visitors the opportunity to experience both the history and the renaissance of this great landmark. At peak times this Terminal and Shed accommodated 75,000+ people per day on 300+ trains and 150+ ferry runs. In addition to the Central Railroad of New Jersey, it was also served by trains of the Baltimore & Ohio, Reading, and Lehigh Valley Railroads. If ultimately restored, this unique Train Shed structure could serve a variety of additional worthwhile public purposes (e.g. an 815-foot covered walkway for visitors arriving by auto and making their way from the ferry parking lot to the terminal concourse and National Monuments ferry; a public meeting place; interpretive exhibits; museum and display space, including display of historic locomotives and rail equipment which once used the Terminal; a terminus for Park trolley shuttles; and arts, crafts, and food fairs). Such a restoration will add to the quality and eclectic experiences of visits to the “Historic Trilogy” area. All of these opportunities will be lost if the Shed is demolished.

 

Part III

Nature and urgency of the threat: (200 words - 197 words now)

Further delay in stabilizing the Train Shed is the greatest threat. The condition of the Train Shed was documented in the 2000 Curtis and Ginsberg Architects, LLP of New York report: Liberty State Park Train Shed Historic Preservation Plan: Preliminary Report. No action has been taken on the decade-old recommendations of this excellent report. The 2012 Assessment Report, performed by the same team and entirely funded by Liberty Historic Railway (LHRy), confirmed that the structure, which was in danger of collapse in 2000, has continued to deteriorate and its condition worsens every year. Its “...collapse will become a certainty if steps are not taken soon to preserve the structure.” Several sections of the reinforced concrete slab canopy roofs of a ton or more have already fallen. Many of the cast iron columns are cracked and will fail in the instance of a collapse of roof concrete or steel. The threat of a domino type collapse which could damage restored sections of the Terminal Complex is very real. Since the fiscally-challenged State has not yet set aside funding for this needy project, a private fund-raising campaign for stabilization of the structure is imperative and urgent.

 

Solutions: (200 words - 197)

Following LHRy’s financing of the 2012 Assessment Report, the non-profit submitted an application (pending) to the NJ Department of Transportation for a $1 million Transportation Enhancement grant to stabilize the Train Shed’s perimeter. LHRy also offered to provide the financing for hiring a professional fund-raiser to conduct a feasibility study for obtaining the estimated $23 million from private and public sources needed to stabilize the Train Shed. While LHRy awaits permission from the NJ Department of Environmental Protection to proceed on the fund-raising feasibility study, as a demonstration of its commitment, LHRy has hired a reputable fund-raising firm, on a contingency basis. As recent evidence of NJ DEP’s Park staff’s newly aroused interest in saving the Train Shed, it has arranged for debris, vegetation, and trees to be cleared from within the structure. The addition of the Train Shed by the NTHP to their list as one of America’s 11 Most Endangered historic resources would be an invaluable boost toward generating public awareness and galvanizing public policy and fund-raising support for LHRy’s preservation efforts. The Trust’s continuing interest and guidance after such a listing would be most helpful in sustaining these initiatives.

 

Group engaged to save this place: (250 words - 249 words now)

Liberty Historic Railway, Inc., a non-profit, public benefit, New Jersey corporation, was established in January 2010 to help foster improvements to Liberty State Park. It’s board soon decided to focus on the restoration of the deteriorated Train Shed and to promote the construction of a heritage trolley shuttle to connect the over one-mile gap between the nearest transit station to the CNJ Terminal and National Monuments’ ferry docks. LHRy has worked with the City of Jersey City and the North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority to obtain a $220,000 grant to explore transit options for the Park. That study

should be completed this spring. LHRy began extensive promotional efforts which included: establishment of a website (containing our objectives, maps, historic photos and video clips, an extensive local area chronology, a list of 67 reasons why the Train Shed should be restored, copies of important reports, lists of supporters, a bibliography, etc.), making presentations and providing information on our initiatives at events and to groups. Specific actions LHRy has undertaken to support preservation of the Train Shed are: the commissioning of the 2012 Assessment Report; successful nomination of the Train Shed to Preservation New Jersey’s 10 Most Endangered Structures list for 2012; submission of a Transportation Enhancement grant application to NJ DOT for stabilization of the Shed’s perimeter and hiring of a fund-raiser to conduct a feasibility study of raising sufficient funds to stabilize the Train Shed. To date LHRy has spent approximately $80,000 toward its initiatives at Liberty State Park.

 

Specific ways one can get involved to help save this place from the threat it faces? (150 words - now 141)

Ways for individuals to get involved in saving the Train Shed are: 1. Become an advocate for its prompt stabilization (or the Train Shed will be lost); 2. Join others in a citizens’ group and help publicize the need, including getting the word out that “This Place Matters;” 3. Become familiar with the LHRy website’s 67 reasons why the Train Shed needs to be saved; 4. Write letters to NJ DEP leadership asking them to support stabilization, including its inclusion in the next Green Acres bond issue; 5. Contact their New Jersey state and national representatives supporting preservation of the Train Shed; 6. Donate money (via a donation link on our website: www.LHRy.org ) to assist LHRy in its effort to advance the necessary first phase stabilization project; 7. Sponsor presentations by the Curtis & Ginsberg firm to engender discussion on the future uses of a restored Train Shed.

 

Part IV PHOTOS / CAPTIONS:  

 

 

Public meeting for the LSP Circulator Cost-Benefit Analysis

The first public meeting for the Liberty State Park Circulator Cost-Benefit Analysis was held on Thursday, 24 January between 4:30 PM and 8 PM at City Hall, 280 Grove Street, Jersey City, NJ. There was an open house during which the public could view displays and talk to members of the Sam Schwartz Engineering project team. A formal presentation was made followed by a question and answer session. Four board members and several supporters were present. Unfortunately, strong opposition to any track in the park was voiced by Friends of Liberty State Park. Progress with the study can be viewed on their website: www.lsptransitstudy.com

Rescue of a historic SEALAND intermodal container

On 6 January Liberty Historic Railway rescued an historic, 35 foot, SEALAND intermodal container from the Liberty Humaine Society, across Jersey City Boulevard from Liberty Science Center. It was moved to the Friends of NJ Transportation Heritage Center storage yard at the Pump House in Phillipsburg. This compliments the SEATRAIN container rescued by LHRy and used for storage at the URHS Boonton Yard.

2012 News

  • Just before Christmas the NJ DEP Parks entered into an agreement with the NJ Department of Corrections for 100 prisoners to provide debris removal in Liberty State Park for four hours each weekday. Significant progress has already been made on removal of Hurricane Sandy debris and vegetation from under the Train Sheds was completed.
  • Founding Liberty Historic Railway director, Tom Gallo, has resigned to focus on work required following the devastation of hurricane Sandy in his local town. We thank Tom for his contributions to LHRy and are sorry to lose his valued input as a former Central RR of NJ employee and President of the Central RR of NJ Veteran Employees Association. His replacement on the board will be Jack May of Upper Montclair, a retired career worker in data processing, rising to the role of VP & Chief Information Officer of a direct marketing firm. He is a rail transit advocate for the NJ Association of Rail Passengers and past coordinator of foreign trips for the Electric Railroaders Association. In addition, we are adding two new LHRy directors: David E. Koenig of Maplewood, an architectural historian and former Principal Historic Preservation Specialist for NJ Transit, with past experience specializing in transportation and FEMA Procedures, as well as a seasonal employee and volunteer archivist at Liberty State Park; and George LaPierre of Rahway, a Digital / Optical Trainer for Fuji Film, NA.
  • A Christmas and Holiday Greeting Card Exhibit with vintage, historic & contemporary railway, trolley, canal, maritime, and transportation related views will be on display at the Berkeley Heights Public Library during the month of December. The library is located at 290 Plainfield Avenue, two blocks south of the NJ Transit Gladstone Branch station in town. For hours of operation call 908-464-9333. The exhibit was assembled by Liberty Historic Railway Chairman, and local resident, Bill McKelvey.
  • The Winter 2012 issue (Vol. 13, No. 4) of Classic Trains magazine contains an 8 page article, Fantrip, 1953-style (Morgan and Hastings ride a CNJ fantrip) about the May 17th excursion which began and ended at the Central RR of NJ, Jersey City Terminal Train Shed. Two of the photos in the article were taken under the Shed . In the color photo at the bottom left of page 71, the boy peering down into his Kodak Brownie box camera to capture historic view of Jersey Central Lines steam locomotive No. 810 on the bank of the Rockaway River in Dover is the 13-year old future Chairman of Liberty Historic Railway...
  • On 29 and 30 October Hurricane Sandy, the largest Atlantic event on record, struck New Jersey / New York Harbor with a storm surge of 13.88 feet, the highest ever recorded. The wind driven waves blew in doors and windows on the north, east and south sides of the first floor of the Central RR of NJ Terminal and blew them out on the west side. Contents were inundated by four feet of water inside the building and the surge and wave action destroyed furniture, exhibits and contents. Fortunately, the Train Shed suffered minimal additional structural damage. However, there was much infrastructure damage around the Park. Views of some of the damage were posted to the Liberty State Park website: www.libertystatepark.org The northern end of the Park is now open again, but the Terminal as well as the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island will be closed to visitors until further notice. Damaged and unsafe areas within the Park are cordoned off. This event will not deter Liberty Historic Railway from our pursuit of stabilization and restoration of the Train Shed as well as the provision of a trolley shuttle between the Terminal and Liberty Science Center / Hudson Bergen Light Rail station.
  • In September two vintage Public Service Railway trolley controllers (electrical accelerator mechanisms) were donated to Liberty Historic Railway by Michael Tamroco. They had been acquired by Benjamin J. Brennan, Jr. from the PS Roseville Carhouse at14th Street and Main Street on the Newark / East Orange border in the 1950's.
  • The City of Jersey City is exploring potential improvements to public transportation that serves destinations in and near Liberty State Park with consultant Sam Schwartz Engineering. We sincerely thank all of you who responded to the survey, which received far more responses than was expected. The results have been tabulated and are posted on the study website: www.lsptransitstudy.com
  • LHRy, working with the Liberty State Park Historian completed and installed a series of six historic, interpretive, photo panels for the CRR of NJ Jersey City Terminal. Each holds two to four photos focusing on the Train Shed, mounted in vintage wooden railway window frames. The panels have been installed in pairs on the gates to tracks 2/3, 4/5, and 6/7 on the northwest side of the concourse. Note: When viewing the panel at track 4, turn around and face NYC. Framed by an opening in the Terminal brick wall you will see the site formerly occupied by the original twin World Trade Center buildings and to the left, the new World Trade Center spire, nearing completion. Unfortunately, after only about a month on display each panel was immersed in sea water of the Hurricane Sandy storm surge which rose four feet above the level of the concourse floor. Note: They been removed for restoration, but will be replaced in the future.
  • On Sunday, 29 July 2012, Liberty Historic Railway performed an automobile license plate survey in the main ferry parking lot. The results, tabulated by state below show the wide-ranging origin of visitors (excludes the approximately 50% which were NJ);
    • AZ-1; CA-5; CO-1; CT-5; DC-2; DE-1; FL-11; GA-5; IL-8; IN-5; KY-1; MA-14; MD-25; ME-3; MI-6; MN-1; MO-4; NC-10; NH-2; NM-1; NY-66; OH-10; OK-1; PA-32; TN-4; TX-5; VA-20; CONSUL (US Dept. of State) 1; CANADA: AB-1; ON-7; PQ-10; TOTAL NON-NJ = 268
  • Liberty Historic Railway submitted a 2012 Transportation Enhancement Grant Application for $1,000,000 to stabilize the perimeter of the CRR of NJ, Jersey City Terminal, Train Shed with endorsement and support from Hudson County; Jersey City; Assemblywoman BettyLou DeCroce; Roebling Chapter, Society for Industrial Archeology; and Central RR Co. of New Jersey Historical Society.
  • LHRy had an information table with exhibits and free literature to educate and update the public at the most successful fifth annual City of Water Day Festival at the CRR of NJ Jersey City Terminal on Saturday, 14 July. The event is hosted by the Metropolitan Waterfront Alliance - check their website for the date of the 2013 event which includes free boat rides and other activities at both Liberty State Park and Governors Island.
  • Norfolk Southern Corp. (RR) has completed a series of 20 new locomotives painted in heritage railroad schemes. Among them is No. 1071, an Electro-Motive Diesel SD70ACe, in the brilliant Jersey Central Lines orange and blue colors. It was built and painted in the EMD Muncie, IN plant.
  • On Sunday, 10 June, Liberty Historic Railway hosted an open public meeting in the C RR of NJ, Jersey City Terminal, Blue Comet Room. Presentations were made and exhibits and free literature were available to educate and update stakeholders and other interested persons on the iniatives of LHRy. In the afternoon we had a tours of the facility by former employees of the CRR of NJ to learn about the historic activities which took place in the various areas. Approximately 50 attended and the proceedings were videotaped for the historic record.
  • LHRy submitted the CRR of NJ, Jersey City Terminal, Train Shed to the New Jersey Historic Trust 2012 Capital Needs Survey / Preservation Grant Program. We indicated that the Pre-Construction Phase / Stabilization of the structure cost estimate was $24 million, and the full restoration estimate was $92 million. Updated costs were provided by Curtis & Ginsberg Architects.
  • We had an information table with exhibits and free literature to educate and update the public at the Earth Day Festival at the CRR of NJ Jersey City Terminal.
  • A nomination for the C RR of NJ Jersey City Terminal Train Shed was submitted to the National Trust for Historic Preservation’s “Eleven Most Endangered Structures” list. We were not successful, but will resubmit for 2013.

2011 News

  • A nomination for the C RR of NJ Jersey City Terminal Train Shed was submitted to Preservation New Jersey’s “Ten Most Endangered Historic Places in NJ for 2012” and was selected / added to their list.LHRy assisted the Jersey City Division of Planning in obtaining a $200,000 grant through North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority for a Liberty State Park Transportation Circulator Cost-Benefit Analysis which was supported by NJ DEP Parks. Subsequently, Sam Schwartz Engineering was chosen as the consultant.
  • LHRy assisted the Jersey City Division of Planning in obtaining a $200,000 grant through North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority for a Liberty State Park Transportation Circulator Cost-Benefit Analysis which was supported by NJ DEP Parks.  Subsequently, Sam Schwartz Engineering was chosen as the consultant.
  • NJ DEP - Parks gave LHRy permission to proceed with the funding of a $21,000 contract with Curtis & Ginsberg Architects, to update their 2000 Restoration Study of the C RR of NJ Jersey City Terminal Train Shed. That study has been completed and is posted on our website.
  • LHRy had an information table with exhibits and free literature to educate and update the public at the annual City of Water Day Festival at the CRR of NJ Jersey City Terminal. The event was hosted by the Metropolitan Waterfront Alliance (LHRy is a member).
  • An agreement was signed between United Railroad Historical Society, Star Trak, Inc., and Bill McKelvey to construct a shop and storage building at the URHS Boonton Yard, funded through LHRy in exchange for work to be done by Star Trak on equipment owned by or to be donated to LHRy.
  • A 45 ton General Electric, diesel-electric locomotive, to be donated to LHRy, was acquired.
  • Donations in excess of $100,000 have been received by LHRy from individuals and from sales at various meetings and shows.
  • LHRy has rehabilitated and repainted a mail and baggage cart at the Central RR of NJ Jersey City Terminal. It is currently on display inside the main waiting room of the Terminal.
  • Caps with Liberty Historic Railway of New Jersey logo resembling the Central Railroad of New Jersey Statue of Liberty logo are for sale @ $20 each.
  • Promotional rack cards, literature, post cards of the Terminal & book marks are being disseminated by LHRy at various meetings and shows.
  • LHRy was given ownership rights to the Lisbon trolley by the Friends of the New Jersey Transportation Heritage Center. It had been built by the John Stephenson Co. in1906 at Elizabeth for export; served in Lisbon until retirement in 1996; and was purchased and returned to the US in 1997. The car has subsequently been covered with tarps to protect it from weather deterioration.

LHRy Beginnings

Shortly after beginning proposals for improvements to Liberty State Park (LSP) and the Central RR of NJ Jersey City Terminal we decided to incorporate Liberty Historic Railway (LHRy) as an IRS designated non-profit, public benefit, NJ corporation.  Our objectives were to (a) Provide a trolley - rail shuttle the one+ mile distance between the Hudson - Bergen Light Rail LSP station and the CNJ Terminal / Ferry Dock; (b) Provide alternate, environmentally friendly, transport for the auto-dominated / dependant LSP - emphasizing the rail mode which promotes more efficient land use by reducing parking demand within LSP; (c) Provide historically accurate railway / trolley ride experiences; (d) Promote restoration of the seriously deteriorated trainshed to be used as a terminus of the trolley shuttle and for display of rail equipment which formerly used the terminal.

LHRy spent nearly $100,000 to advance the above objectives, including our incorporation on January 29, 2010;  a Rutgers University, Bloustein School of Planning, Graduate Student Studio study of LSP transportation needs; an award-winning professional study of the transportation needs for LSP by Sam Schwartz Engineering, which concluded that our trolley shuttle proposal was viable.  (This $300,000 study was funded by a grant from the North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority through Jersey City Planning.); an extensive website; a comprehensive transportation chronology for the area; promotional materials; Curtis & Ginsburg architechural consultants who updated their 2000 report on the trainshed restoration costs; fundraising consultants Ruotolo Associates who concluded that it would not be feasible or possible to raise the estimated $100,000,000 to restore the trainshed; three separate nominations (2012, 2013, & 2014) to get the trainshed on the National Trust for Historic Preservation’s most endangered structure list - which all failed.

As we progressed with our objectives the Friends of Liberty State Park organization became increasingly opposed to our trolley shuttle proposal to the point of fanaticism.  The final nails in the coffin were hammered in place by Super Storm Sandy, which inundated LSP with four feet of sea water, churned by near hurricane force winds.  Almost every first floor window and door of the CNJ Terminal building was blown out and the interior was made a wreck.  Unfortunately, the six interpretive pannels of historic Te4rminal photos, installed a month earlier were severely damaged.  The photo panels were framed by historic wooden rail passenger car window frames.  The storm would have fatally damaged any historic rail equipment displayed at LSP.  LHRy soon thereafter ceased all work on our initiatives to improve LSP.

Perhaps in the future LSP stakeholders may come to their senses and realize that the auto will increasingly clog park roads and parking lots, destroying what the public comes to the park to enjoy.  And, they may realize that moving people to and from the park by trolley could be the solution.  Note: There is a location on the north side of Liberty Science Center for a trolley carbarn which is above flood elevation.