A NEW JERSEY TRANSPORTATION HERITAGE CENTER?  

NJ Transportation historians, preservationists, enthusiasts and volunteers have been chasing an elusive dream for at least four decades: A New Jersey Transportation Heritage Center.  Many thousands of hours were invested, and hundreds of thousands of dollars spent.  Scores of potential sites were investigated and promoted.  

Governor's commissions, municipal committees, consultants, and various leaders among the member groups of volunteers of the United Railroad Historical Society of NJ, Friends of the NJ Transportation Heritage Center and North Jersey Electric Railway Historical Society have come and gone, but the needed, tourism-attracting Heritage Center has not materialized.  

One by one our former leaders have passed on, (including Senators Walter Rand and Thomas Gagliano and NJ Assembly Leader Alex DeCroce ), have retired, or have moved to other states.  All have departed due to the frustrating disappointments and one was actually ordered by his doctor to pursue another "passion"...  

In spite of these travails, the organizations and stalwart volunteers continue to be active preserving and restoring historic equipment, artifacts and archives in the hope that there will one day be a place in New Jersey to store archives and artifacts, plus exhibit and operate their rare and unusual equipment. 

We came very close to achieving a NJTHC in Phillipsburg to display and interpret the state's collection of over 110 motor bus and railroad locomotives, passenger and freight cars, and other items.  But then there was an election and the other party came into power.  Instead of continuing to work with us, this new administration pulled the rug out from under us.  (Does this sound familiar?).  The needed lands were purchased by a political operative of the new administration and our project was killed.  

Excellent stand-alone tourism operations such as the Whippany Railway Museum, The Delaware River Rail Excursions, the Black River and Western Railroad and Pine Creek Railroad exist, but we have no comprehensive, multi-modal state Transportation Heritage Center.  The state of Pennsylvania puts us to shame with their outstanding collection of significant tourism attracting transportation heritage sites , museums, and excursions focusing on railroads, canals, trolleys, motor buses, trucks, roads, autos, mines, inclines, industrial history, etc.  Many are designated National Historic Sites.

One group continues the planning for an all-inclusive NJ center: Liberty Historic Railway, Inc.  A single NJ museum site appears to be unattainable in our State because of vigorous competition for acreage.  LHRy is focused on financially supporting not-for-profit transport heritage entities already established by volunteers in NJ and perhaps help launch some new venues.   

What follows has been assembled to help us continue the dream, inform us on what is out there, and show shining examples, themes, and ideas for future planners.  The transportation technological developments, milestones and firsts which we can credit to NJ are unparalleled.  We hope this material will be inspirational as well as entertaining.  For all NJ citizens, past, present, and future: Here is your New Jersey Transportation Heritage Center, via virtual reality.  We in NJ are trying to enrich the present by preserving our past transport history.  The subjects are arranged by categories as follows; 

DOCUMENTATION & VIDEOS

• AIR CONDITIONING: The B&O RR introduced the first air-conditioned dining car in 1930 in service through NJ.  The B&O introduced the first fully air-conditioned trains through NJ in 1931.  The first air-conditioned buses were put in service by the B&O RR on their Train Connection service between Jersey City and NYC.  The world's first production air-conditioned rapid transit cars, the Hudson & Manhattan RR "K" cars went into service in 1958.  With delivery of 165 new PA-1 cars in 1965 the PATH system became the first rail fleet in the US to be 100% air-conditioned.  Searching for a video of the H&M "K" cars to illustrate...

• AMERICAN FREEDOM TRAIN: There were two: The first was simply "Freedom Train" which toured all 48 states, making 300 stops, in 1947-8.  It was pulled by Alco PA diesel locos and carried original copies of the US Constitution, Declaration of Independence, Bill of Rights, etc., supplied by the National Archives.  The 1975-6 American Freedom Train commemorated the US Bicentennial and carried more than 500 treasures of Americana on its tour of 48 states.  More than 7,000,000 people visited the train which made 13 stops in NJ.  (Atlantic City, Trenton, Elizabeth, Paterson, Morristown, Jersey City, Princeton, Camden, Red Bank, Orange, Ridgewood, Hackensack and New Brunswick.)  It's 26 cars were pulled by Reading Co. 4-8-4 No. 2101 in the east and by two other steamers in the west. The AFT was promoted and managed by NJ resident, Ross Rowland, founder and head of High Iron Co.  The American Freedom Train's Preamble Express departed their headquarters, Lebanon Station in 1974 for a four month tour of the US to make preparations for the AFT to follow the next year. 
  YouTube:  "The Story American Freedom Train".  Hyperlink   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bh9QPTdzgJY

• ATLAS MODEL RAILROAD COMPANY:  Is a major manufacturer of "O", "HO", and "N" gauge railroad rolling stock, track and accessories, located in Hillside, NJ since 1948. 
  YouTube: "Atlas Model Railroad Co. SECRET Archives! Everything ever made!"  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HKoRd_PaloI

• AUTO ASSEMBLY PLANTS:  Our state had many early automobile assembly plants for various auto brands.  In 1899, the Electric Vehicle Co., the first auto maker in NJ, built their Riker electric car in Elizabethport.  In 1908 William C. Durant incorporated General Motors of NJ, forming the nucleus of the world's largest motor vehicle maker.  Later they expanded to include truck and bus manufacturing and built diesel-electric locomotives for decades.  In 1918 Ford opened a model "T" assembly plant on the Lincoln Highway in Kearny.  Ford had a plant partly on a pier in the Hudson River in Edgewater, NJ; then moved to a new plant in Mahwah, NJ which closed in 1958.  With the subsequent closing of the GM Linden assembly plant and the Ford plant in Edison, NJ no longer has any auto assembly plants.  Interestingly, the former Chevrolet auto export packing plant was located on the Erie Orange Branch exactly where the Newark Light Rail Vehicle Base Facility is now located in Bloomfield.  Parts for complete new autos were received in freight cars, packed in big wooden crates, were loaded into gondola cars and moved to Hudson River piers for export by steamship. 
  Car Data Video: "Model T Assembly Line". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cTZ3rJHHSik
  wimp video: "Fascinating 1936 footage of a car assembly line".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HPpTK2ezxL0
  YouTube: "Car Lots and Assembly Lines of the 50s".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Ixnc9NeeAU 

• AUTO RACK TRAIN: A high volume of new autos is transported into, out of, and through NJ in long trains of auto rack cars.  All former NJ auto manufacturing plants have closed and with them went the heavy rail traffic of auto parts and components.  The trains now move autos into and out of our state including those arriving by sea. 
  YouTube: "CSX auto rack train". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VeLVOAHEx8Q

• BATTERY ELECTRIC STREET AND RAILWAY CARS: Federal / Railway Storage Battery Car Co. was a designer / builder of electric street and railway cars powered by Thomas Edison storage batteries.  RSBC was founded in 1910 and located at Silver Lake (Belleville, very near Bloomfield) on the Erie Railroad Orange Branch.  The large, heavy, lead-acid, batteries for the cars were manufactured by Edison at his works, just up the Orange Branch in West Orange.  Several early Railway Storage Battery (or Beach) cars were test operated on the Orange Branch or the Orange Crosstown trolley line.  Beach cars served NYC, Cuba, and other locations.  One battery train operated from Silver Lake to Atlantic City for display at one of the railroad conventions.  Due to technology developments, batteries are now becoming a more economically viable power source for trolleybuses, motor coaches, rail vehicles and automobiles.  Here is an example of battery power in California:
  YouTube: "HD The Grove Trolley Los Angeles".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ug3rIgEkpA 

• BREESE, KNEELAND & COMPANY: of Jersey City built a total of about 300 steam locomotives between 1853 and 1873.  In 1857 they built a 4-4-0 steam locomotive which had a long career in the US Southwest.  It finally became El Paso and  Southwestern Railroad No.1 and it was donated to the University of Texas in 1960.  Following display in the open at several locations, it was restored at a cost of over $1.1 million and is now secured in the Railroad and Transportation Museum of El Paso.  It is the only locomotive built by B. N. & Co. still in existence. (Need a YouTube video)

• BUDD RAIL DIESEL CAR:  They were modern, stainless steel, economical, self-propelled rail cars known as "RDC's" and were built by Budd in Philadelphia.  Hundreds were operated by many railroads, everywhere.  URHS owns several and Cape May Seashore Lines has preserved a large fleet.  The NY Susquehanna & W T & H Soc. leases from URHS and operates one RDC and owns others needing restoration.  This Budd promotional film shows the Pennsylvania - Reading Seashore Lines operations where a multiple car train was divided for separate NJ shore destinations. 
  YouTube:  "Budd Diesel Rail Car". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qfANNpAPI5k

• BUSES & MOTOR COACHES: NJ has one of the largest collections of vintage buses in the US, with over 30 historic buses and motor coaches, based at Lakewood.  It is under the loving care of the Friends of the NJ Transportation Heritage Center.  The oldest is a 1927 Yellow Coach, which is under restoration - it operated in NJ.  Several restored buses in the collection were funded by LHRy.  Each year up to 8 coaches from the NJ collection are driven to the Museum of Bus Transportation in Hershey, PA, and several have appeared in movies. 
  YouTube: "The Museum of Bus Transportation Spring Fling 2018"  (Three part video.)
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ug97eJCUTZs

• CABLE CARS:  The first elevated cable railway line in the US was completed in 1886.  It spanned the two miles from the DL&W Hoboken Ferry Terminal to Jersey City Heights and was later electrified and extended as a trolley system.  Cable cars were also once operated on Market Street in Newark.  There are none remaining in NJ, but you can ride cable cars daily in San Francisco using the same type of technology: 
  YouTube:  "Experience San Francisco - Cable Car Ride". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4FaUWyKKdIw

• CAMDEN AND AMBOY RAILROAD: Was the first RR in NJ.  It began operations between Bordentown and Heightstown using horse power on strap iron rails in 1831.  In the same year, they installed the first "T" rails and built their first RR car.  In September, 1831 the C & A began operating their JOHN BULL, the first commercial use of a steam locomotive in NJ. They installed the first locomotive bell in 1834.  The oldest surviving passenger coach in America was built for the C&A in 1836.  It is now owned by the Smithsonian Institute and is on loan to the RR Museum of PA, Strasburg, PA.  Also see "JOHN BULL," their & NJs first locomotive.

• CANALBOAT RIDES & MUSEUMS: NJ has a good canal museum in the Morris Canal Village of Waterloo, but has only periodic canal rides on a pontoon type boat.  There are many outstanding canal museums around the world.  Here are a few examples: 
  Morris Canal Plane No. 9 History and Operation Animation Video: http://youtu.be/7AxhUnKGoE8
  Easton, PA: YouTube: "Live Like a Local: National Canal Museum Canal Boat Ride in Easton, PA". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KAoBEI_KUFY
  A most wonderful canal documentary with historic footage of the Delaware Canal in operation by Roy Creveling: YouTube: "Delaware Division of the Pennsylvania Canal Lehigh River 51994 MD". 
  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GBgdiN_tmow 
  YouTube: "".  (Vintage Delaware Canal films.)
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xhk5hgzop18
  Great Falls, MD. "Mule Drawn Boat Ride".
  Hyperlink:      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wjJ3znae9Qk
  From England: YouTube: "National Waterways Museum Ellesmere Port".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n7HtN4B-s6g
  YouTube: "Wonders of the UK Canal Network".
  Hyperlink:    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vfij0D0KltA 

• CARSTENS PUBLICATIONS: is best known as the publisher of Railfan and Railroad Magazine: is an American monthly magazine that has been in publication since 1974.  Originally known as Railfan Magazine, it merged with Railroad Magazine in 1979.  Railroad Magazine was first published in 1906 in the Flatiron building in NYC.  Railfan and Railroad was the first magazine title created in house by Carstens Publications at their original Ramsey, NJ office.  Carstens moved to a new, larger building in Newton (Fredon Twp.) in 1973.  Railfan and Railroad as well as Railroad Model Craftsman were acquired by White River Publications in 2014 along with the Carstens business.  

• CIRCUS TRAINS: One of the first recorded circus train movements was from New Brunswick to Princeton in 1872.  In the steam era there were thousands of Circus Train movements between cities in NJ and across the US.  The last rail movements of the Red and Blue Ringling Brothers Barnum & Bailey Circus Trains were in 2017 (they went through NJ) and they are now out of business. 
  YouTube: "1967 Railroads are Fun: Circus Trains".  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57bzkoDarIo
  YouTube: "CIRCUS TRAIN C&NW 1385".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JvRNPyH37SM
  Recommended Viewing: Mark 1 Video: "Circus Train".

• COAL MINE RAILWAYS:  While NJ had no coal mines, operations at NJ Zinc Co. and NJ iron mines would have been similar. 
  YouTube: "No. 9 Coal Mine" (@ Lansford, PA).
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1NxPOHtBTvo 
  YouTube: "Pioneer Tunnel Coal Mine"  (@ Ashland, PA) 
  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KRDJrMdA-H8 
  The following are from the UK:
  YouTube: "National Coal Mining Museum - May 2019".  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y0fJSOWa3eg     
  YouTube:  "Big Pit National Coal Museum"  (So. Wales, UK)  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIufwXA9_-Q    

• COAL TRAINS: In the steam era when coal powered industry and heated most American homes, coal cars were commonly seen all across the rail network.  NJ hosted major early trans-loading centers: At Trenton, Phillipsburg and Washington, coal was dumped from railcars into canal vessels, and at South Amboy and several other NJ locations from railcars to barges and ocean vessels.  Several railroads in the port of NJ/NY had high volume McMyler coal car unloaders.  Later, coal was delivered by rail in great volumes directly to feed big power plants.  And now, coal is fading from use altogether. 
  YouTube:  "360 Video - Crossing with Pedestrian Gate - CSX DPU Coal Train".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yx5aMdoPV8 
  The coal delivered by rail to distributors had to be trucked to individual users.  Here's how they did it:
  YouTube: "Coal Delivery".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dPgXQqdeT2M

• COOKE LOCOMOTIVE & MACHINE CO.: Built nearly 3000 locomotives in total in Paterson between 1852 and 1901 when they were merged with American Locomotive Co., which continued building in Paterson until 1926.  Cooke locomotives survive in Arkansas, California, Colorado, Georgia, Nebraska, Nevada, Texas, and Wyoming.   
  YouTube: "Cooke Locomotive and Machine Works".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WYypURaPiQA
  The Grapevine Vintage RR, Grapevine, TX:  Operates a 4-6-0 PUFFY, built by Cooke in 1896.
  In 1916 the Paterson Cooke Works of ALCO built several 2' gauge 2-4-2T locomotives for the British War Department to haul ammunition and supplies behind the lines in France.  One of those locomotives, came to the Ffestiniog Railway in 1967 and was named MOUNTAINEER.  It has been operated in the past but is currently awaiting rebuild / restoration. 
  YouTube: "Mountaineer ALCO built 1916 in action 1998 & 2000".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9rrLb0VXZ7o
  The Everett Railroad In Holidaysburg, PA has a 2-6-0, No. 11, built by Alco-Cooke in 1920. 

• CONTAINER, BOXCAR & TRAILER TRAFFIC:  The first American freight containers were used on the Camden & Amboy RR in NJ in 1849.  In the 1920s SeaTrain Lines pioneered the movement of freight cars on ships with it's initial dock in Hoboken.  Refer to Wikipedia: "Seatrain Lines" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seatrain_Lines
  Before containerization, much freight was moved by the "break-bulk" method.  Here is a video that shows the modern methods of break-bulk shipping, which is having a bit of a resurgence.  YouTube: "Breakbulk". Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_dA3Db5NEx0
  After WW II, the carrying of highway trailers on railroad flat cars (piggyback service) mushroomed: YouTube: " - CharlieDeanArchives".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qq7OTo3Yz6A
  Here is an excellent container history:
  YouTube: "How a Steel Box Changed the World: A Brief History of Shipping".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0MUkgDIQdcM
  YouTube: "Port of New York Promotional Film 40274". Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YWV8jZsPCPk
  In 1956, Pan Atlantic ship IDEAL X made the first voyage from Port Newark (the first container port).  This heralded the age of containerization.  Pan Atlantic became Sea Land Service in 1960 and grew to have a fleet of 92 vessels.  What used to be carried in the common railroad box car is now mostly carried in intermodal containers, which have revolutionized the shipping industry.  For years they have been eroding traffic carried in "piggyback" (highway trailers carried on rail flat cars). 
  YouTube: "Extra Long Container / Piggyback Train with distributed power on CSX".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fam1CLl2B6M
  The New York Central Railroad launched their "Flexi-Van" service in 1957.  North Bergen, NJ, was the major terminal in the east for this service.  The Flexi-Van demonstration begins at 9:18 in this promotional video:
  YouTube: "Three Giant Steps (New York Central Promotional Film from 1957)".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fs3FQMOFDh8
  Road Rail service flourished for a time, and was popular with Norfolk Southern as "Triple Crown," but has now been phased out. 
  YouTube: "Tracks Ahead Road Railers". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ozqY3Ze4sAU
  YouTube: "Susquehanna Spectacular Trailer Mark 1 Video". Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DWG86jL2ZU
  Modern method of moving big vehicles, construction and other heavy equipment, and rail vehicles (such as the Stephenson/Lisbon trolley, and the NJ Transit dual power locomotives, both of which came from Europe) is called RoRo (Roll on, Roll off) as is illustrated in the following video. 
  YouTube: "What is RoRo".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4348mGAGwY

• DELAWARE & RARITAN CANAL: The D&R was a part of the inland shipping route along the East Coast, and a major conduit for freight across the waist of NJ, especially for coal from PA to NYC and points North and East between 1834 and 1933.  The first American screw propeller vessels were the iron hull ANTHRACITE, BLACK DIAMOND, IRONSIDES, and VULCAN, built in 1842 for the D&R Canal Co.  In 1861 a flotilla of 14 D&R steam canal boats transported 3000 NJ troops and equipment south to the defense of the nation's capitol.  1872 was the year of greatest traffic on the D&R: Nearly 3,000,000 tons of freight was moved in 13,215 canal boats; 1,545 steam canal boats; 688 sailing vessels; and 43 timber rafts.  Two Spanish Navy gunboats, the ALVORADO and SANDOVAL, both 117' long x 15.5' wide, x 6.3' draft, were captured in the Spanish-American War of 1899.  The war prizes were brought north through the D&R Canal to the Portsmouth, NH Navy Yard.  In 1903 the Liberty Bell traveled north to Boston for the 128th anniversary of the Battle of Bunker Hill on a railroad flat car.  It passed under the D&R Canal at Trenton and over the D&R at New Brunswick on the new stone viaduct.  The peak year for pleasure boat traffic was in 1929, when 914 yachts passed through the D&R.  Much additional information on it can be found in numerous books and on the LHRy.org website under "Histories."   
  YouTube: "The D&R" (A film produced by Cliff Crawford and narrated by Jean Shepherd) Part 1
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGGByqPyLhc

• DINNER TRAINS: Over the years there have been attempts to operate a dinner train in NJ, but none have caught on.  This is unfortunate because your editor is convinced that our state has a great untapped potential for such ventures.  There are scores of such successful trains across the USA.  Here are a couple of videos which show what success looks like:
  YouTube: "Essex Clipper Dinner Train", in Connecticut.  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9HUqPpXJAQ
  And one in Kentucky: YouTube: "My Old Kentucky Dinner Train 2013. Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WajYX4cPabk

• DOODLEBUGS: Were internal combustion powered passenger cars used on light runs prior to the 1950s and the predecessor to the Rail Diesel Car (RDC).  Small fleets of them were used in NJ by the Erie, Susquehanna, Pennsylvania, and Lehigh Valley Railroads.  Only one of the Erie units survives in very deteriorated condition due to decades of unprotected storage at the Ohio Railway Museum, Worthington, OH.  Two PRR units survive in restored, operating condition, one each in DE and PA. 
  YouTube: "Doodlebug Days on the Allentown & Auburn Railroad 9/14/19". (No. 4666) Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZbXphXBPpc
  YouTube: "PRR 4662 and 4666".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M5XcMllA_rI
  Decades ago, Sperry Rail Service acquired several former Lehigh Valley doodlebugs, and may still operate a couple.  
  YouTube: "Sperry Rail Doodlebug on the Cape Main (HD)".  (No.125)  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLz7roCmX-A
  YouTube: "Sperry Rail Service Doodlebug Rail car #131 - Loud Single Chime Horn - Unionville, Ohio May 2019".
  Hyperlink https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UJsiuJnS5CI

• EDISON ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE:  In 1880 Thomas Edison built a 1/3 of a mile loop track at his Menlo Park laboratory site.  There he demonstrated his electric locomotive pulling three cars.  Numerous improvements were made over the next couple of years, finally leading to successful commercial operations.  The wheels and frame of this loco are displayed at the front of the Thomas Edison Laboratories in West Orange.  In the same year the first full-sized electric loco in America was demonstrated by Edison at Menlo Park.

• ELECTRIC LIGHT:  The first light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison at his Menlo Park laboratory in 1879.  The incandescent light bulb has become of critical importance to the safe operation of railways, vehicles, vessels, signalling systems, etc., around the world.  In 1890 the CRR of NJ business car Atlas was the first railroad car in the US to be fitted with electric lights.   

• ELECTRIFICATION:  The West Jersey & Seashore RR completed the nation's first main line electrification between Camden and Atlantic City in 1906.  Thomas Edison was at the controls of the first DL&W RR electric MU train from Hoboken to Montclair in 1930.  This electrification was the first usage of 3000 volt DC in RR service in America.  
  Recommended Viewing: Mark 1 Video: "The DL&W Electrics"
  The PRR completed the electrification of their main lines from NY to Washington and Harrisburg in 1935.
  Recommended Viewing: Mark 1 Video: "Action Under The Wires".
  YouTube: "Shining Rails 1950 General Electric Railroad Technology & Systems Promo Film MD31190".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I2uSXn7p_bU

• EXCURSIONS:  Two of the largest known rail excursions operated in NJ were:  On the CRR of NJ in 1937 between Bayonne and Asbury Park.  It took 19 trains of 12 cars each to transport the group of 17,347 passengers.  In May, 1947 the PRR moved 18,000 passengers to the Shriner’s Convention in Atlantic City in 62 trains and 750 cars.  From the 1930s to the present, hundreds of special "railfan" excursions were organized and sponsored by various railroad enthusiast organizations and the railroads themselves.  They were mostly powered by steam locomotives (always a special draw) and went via interesting and scenic routes and had desirable destinations.  Many special trolley tours were also popular.  Thousands of photos and footage of movie film are in the archives of rail historical societies, and many commercial videos have been produced. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ty5j7IgPKs
  An excellent compilation of extremely interesting local fantrips:
  YouTube: "EL Fantrips".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q2exlpq04xw
  Note: McKelvey is working on a tabulation of railfan excursions and trolley enthusiast trips known to have operated in or through NJ to be posted on the LHRy website..

• FEDERAL SHIPBUILDING and DRYDOCK Co.: was a NJ shipyard active from 1917 to 1948 which built vessels for the US Shipping Board.  Operated as a subsidiary of US Steel, the yard was located at Kearny Point on the Hackensack River.  Federal built over 500 destroyers, destroyer escorts, some light cruisers, as well as merchant ships.  Federal also had a yard at Port Newark during WW II which built destroyers and landing craft.  In World War I, Port Newark pioneered the mass production of standardized prefabricated ships which helped produce large numbers of Liberty Ships during WW II in record time.  Two Public Service trolley lines were re-activated during WW II to transport the thousands of workers between Jersey City and Kearny.  The Central RR of NJ Newark Branch also helped transport workers to and from the Kearny yard. 
  YouTube: "Rare Color Video of WW II Navy Destroyers". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYgMi739XxU

• FIRE VEHICLES: The first primitive fire fighting equipment was light enough to be pulled by the volunteer firefighters themselves.  As pumpers and ladder trucks got bigger and heavier, horsepower became a necessity. 
  YouTube: "Firefighting in the Horse - Drawn Era - Getting There (K3001)".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n5GWgDOgfYQ  
  The Christie Front Drive Motor Co. of Hoboken, built more than 600 ninety hp, two wheel tractors to pull former horse-drawn fire apparatus between 1904 and 1918.  Note: the apparatus retained their steam-powered fire pumps. 
  YouTube: "Christie Fire Engine - Jay Leno's Garage".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDfV7pPx6G0
  A Working Steam Fire Pumper: 
  YouTube: "Steam Fire Engine: 1899 American Steam Fire Engine, Restored and Working".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnxkCW913E0
  YouTube: "1902 American Fire Engine Steam Pumper Demonstration -NCCMP 2017".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B2dQrbITlMU
  Mack Truck predecessor, International Motor Co. of Plainfield, produced the first motorized hook and ladder truck in the US for the Morristown Fire Department in 1910.  Other NJ fire equipment producers included American LaFrance & Day Elder.  The NJ Fire Museum in Allentown, NJ, has a great collection, as does the Boonton Fire Museum. 
  YouTube:  "New Jersey Fire Museum Open House 9-29-19".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuKCyw1RvAs        
  A Muster at Horseshoe Lake, Succasunna, NJ:
  YouTube: "Antique Fire Assn. of New Jersey 4th Annual Spring Antique Muster".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_m1fqTzB4g 

• FIRST STEAMBOAT: In 1790 John Fitch successfully operated his steamboat, PERSEVERENCE, (built in PA) on the Delaware River between Philadelphia and Burlington.  He was granted a US Patent in 1791.  The use of steamboats soon grew exponentially on the rivers, harbors, canals, lakes and the ocean around NJ and elsewhere.  Here are good examples:
  YouTube: "Mystic Seaport: Wooden Steamboat Sabino".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwegiCgl280
  YouTube: "Restored and Ready to Steam: Sabino Returns at Mystic Seaport".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ox0joWBsQI

• FOOD TRANSPORT:

  • TOMATOES: The growing of the Jersey Tomato crop always required transport.  In the early 1900s boats were commonly used to transport the fruit to the Campbell processing plant in Camden.  Railroads were also used, but today that transport is exclusively done by trucks.  Here is how harvesting is done today. YouTube: "Tomato Harvester". Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7YeGOv87JE4

  • PEACHES: Were transported in great volumes by railroad until a disease killed production.  Here's the story of the transport of Jersey Peaches in the present day.  YouTube: "How Jersey peaches go from farm to store".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVkFYnjBH8M

  • FISH: Commercial fishing in NJ is BIG business! 
    YouTube: "Fishing Industry Vital to NJ Economy".  (NJTV)  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v94bf82Ighs
    Today trucks handle the transport of fish to and from the Bronx. 
    YouTube: "The world's second - largest fish market is in NYC".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YA5IKAwJLcM

  • OYSTERS: A hundred years ago the Central RR of NJ hauled trainloads of iced oysters north and west as far as the Lehigh Valley.  Then there was a disease which disseminated the beds in Delaware Bay, putting the oyster schooners out of business.  In recent years there has been a resurgence of the oyster.  Here is how they are doing it: YouTube: "Creating an Oyster Reef in Barnegat Bay". (NJTV News)  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VIs1xkhVbKY

• GENERAL MOTORS TRAIN OF TOMORROW: toured the US and made several stops in NJ. 
  YouTube: "Streamlined, Modern Train of Tomorrow - 1948".  
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tEfznj0-Ac8
  YouTube: "GM Train of Tomorrow". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCPPPsH6mvs

• GG1 ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE: The Pennsylvania Railroad electric locomotive fleet of 139 units was built between 1934 and 1943.  They were stalwarts of the PRR NYC to Washington DC and Harrisburg main lines.  They ran through NJ for the PRR, Penn Central, Conrail, Amtrak, and the last were finally retired by NJ Transit in 1983.  Sixteen are preserved in museums.  Two GG1s are in the URHS collection. 
  YouTube: "At The Rail Yard: Pennsylvania Railroad GG1".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbBt7xPjOwA
  YouTube: "PRR PC CR NJT Amtrak GG1s". 
  Hyperlink: https://youtu.be/SSuEjJ3pxb8?t=1389
  YouTube: "Lionel Visionline Pennsylvania GG1 electric locomotive 6-82752".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oCS5OG4lUPc
  Recommended Viewing: Mark 1 Video: "The Magnificent GG-1"

• GRAIN TRAINS:  Grain from the US upper Midwest and from Canada is moved in high volume unit trains. 
  YouTube:  "NEW RECORD 218 CARS!!! ULTRA LONG!!! CN & CP Grains Train Meet @ Matsqui Jct. BC Canada 15APR17". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R08haIUpWw8

• HOLLAND SUBMARINE: Professor John Philip Holland began his experiments on submarine designs in Paterson and he became known as the father of the modern submarine.  One of his submarines was built in Elizabeth.  Holland's contributions to military history changed the course of naval warfare.  In 1901 his advanced design submarine was accepted by the US Navy and towed through the D&R Canal to Washington, DC.  The USS Holland was their first officially recognized submarine vessel. 
  YouTube:  "John Philip Holland's American Dream".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=55ko-Beynng

• HORSECARS: Several early NJ street railways in cities had cars pulled with horses.  You will now need to go to Disneyland to ride one.
  YouTube: "Take a Ride on Disneyland's Horse Drawn Streetcars".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Nu0M7cGdkM 
  A wonderful operation in the UK: YouTube: "Horse Trams Douglas in the Isle of Man". Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OIh1UA0dEJ4 
  And another - YouTube: "Isle of Man Horse Car and Manx Electric May, 2016". 
  Hyperlink:    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eruxh1KdDC0  

• INCLINED PLANES: The Morris Canal used inclined planes along their route across North Jersey.  Their engineering success was copied at other locations around the world.  Hudson County had several inclined planes or "wagon lifts".  And then there was the ill-fated Orange Mountain Cable Co.  On the first day of operation the brake system failed and one car ran away down the mountain and crashed into the other at the bottom.  It was later converted to a trolley operation with switchbacks. 
  The following is outstanding!:  "Plane 9W on New Jersey's Morris Canal: A Computer Animation". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7AxhUnKGoE8
  The Elblag Canal in Poland is an excellent example which remains in operation as a successful tourism generator:
  YouTube: "Ships traveling on Land - Elblag Canal Boat Lift".
  Hyperlink:    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PyavKZcN1t0

• In Pittsburgh and Johnstown, PA their restored inclines still operate. 
  YouTube: "Johnstown Inclined Plane - Pennsylvania 2014 HD".  
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=slXKLelAPpw

• INGERSOLL RAND LOCOMOTIVES: The first successful Oil-Electric (the diesel locomotive of today) was developed by I-R at Phillipsburg.  The first unit, Central Railroad of NJ No. 1000, when retired was loaned (the written agreement has been lost) to the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Museum because at the time NJ had no such museum to accept it. 
  YouTube: "Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Museum TV Network: CNJ No. 1000 Diesel Locomotive (June 2014)". 
  Hyper link:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_T9oo_7auSk         
  The last I-R locomotive to operate in NJ was the I-R Phillipsburg plant switcher No. 91.  Upon retirement it was acquired by and shipped to the Illinois Railway Museum where it is secured in a building and is a part of their 400+ unit collection - the largest in the US.  Here is the story of the acquisition of No.91 by IRM: "test.irm.org/railwire/pdf/114.pdf"  ?? Hyperlink:   https://www.irm.org/rail-wire/page-3/     Choose issue #114.
  Now, don't have remorse about us never being able to get an I-R Boxcab loco back to our state...  You can get one from MTH for under $500, and you can order it as CNJ No. 1000 or in the bi-centennial red, white and blue paint scheme of I-R No. 91... 
  YouTube: "MTH Premier CNJ Ingersoll Rand "O" Gauge Boxcab Diesel"
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQmn3amXJBo    

• INTERLOCKINGS: Covered the operation of railroad switches and signals, typically at a junction of two lines utilizing a series of manually operated (Armstrong) levers which were linked to the switches and signals by rods, pipes, cables and cranks which were mechanically interlocked to preclude errors by the operator.  The first railroad interlocking plant in America was installed in a Trenton location known as "Top of the Hill" in 1870 under the guidance of Ashbel Welch, Chief Engineer of the United Railroads of NJ.  He acquired the Saxby and Farmer unit in England.  Many units survive in museums and on tourist lines.  LHRy has a 12 lever S&F unit, but it is in storage in 1,000 pieces.  The first train route interlocking control system in the world was installed at "RU" tower in Elizabethport by the CRR of NJ in 1938.  Here is an armstrong interlocking  example:
  YouTube: "Midland Railway - Warmley Signal Box".  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XP1JUibM0II

• INTERNAL COMBUSTION LOCOMOTIVES: In 1927 Mack Truck Co, began producing a new line of internal combustion (gasoline-electric) rail motor cars and locomotives at their Plainfield plant.  In 1947 the NY Susquehanna & W RR became the first Class I RR in the US to replace all steam locomotives with diesel. 

• IRON HORSE ENTERPRISES: was led by NJ resident Ross Rowland.  In 1996-8 they ran a series of excursions between Hoboken and Port Jervis with C&O RR 4-8-4 Greenbriar locomotive No. 614.  The nearly 2 dozen trips generated some funds and much publicity for the NJ Railroad & Transportation Heritage Center effort. 

• JOHN BULL: Was built (assembly required, but no instructions provided) in the UK, and delivered to the Bordentown, NJ shops of the Camden & Amboy Railroad where it was assembled.  It is now a centerpiece exhibit in the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.  In 1893, JOHN BULL was restored to haul a special train from NJ to the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago.  JOHN BULL attended the Fair of the Iron Horse in Baltimore in 1927, where it was steamed.  It was on static display in NY for the 1939 World's Fair, but on the following year a replica had been constructed by the PRR and it was steamed.  That replica is now exhibited in the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania.  In 1985 the original JOHN BULL was flown to Dallas, TX for a seven month exhibition. 
  YouTube: "John Bull Riding the Rails". 
  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8dtJVvL8VQ   
  Here's an example of a replica ride experience from the UK National Railway Museum that would be most appropriate for a JOHN BULL replica ride in NJ. 
  YouTube: "Steam Rides at the National Railway Museum".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHHE9DdZxiw
  Notes: A second, but non-operating exact replica JOHN BULL was completed in 2008 for display in Hicksville, LI, NY.  It was more recently gifted to the town of Oyster Bay for display in their J. F. Kennedy Park by the Hicksville Chamber of Commerce.  Other than the replica JOHN BULL having been operated on the Long Island Railroad during the 1939 World's Fair, the replica has absolutely no connection with Long Island.  Clearly, here is a replica JOHN BULL which should be displayed in a NJ museum!

• KINKISHAYRO (KS): Is a Japanese, mostly passenger, railcar manufacturer that provided the current light rail vehicles which were assembled in Harrison and are used on both the Hudson Bergen Light Rail and Newark Light Rail systems.  KS now has a rebuild facility in Piscataway, NJ where they fabricated the mid-train extension modules for both the HBLR and NLR fleets, and are performing a mid-life rebuild of the WAMATA rapid transit fleet.  Through their community give-back program KS is providing storage and restoration assistance for trolley cars owned by North Jersey Electric Railway Historical Society. 

• LACKAWANNA CUTOFF: Was completed in 1911.  It included the largest dirt fills and the largest reinforced concrete viaducts ever built. 
  YouTube: "Lackawanna Cut-Off - Part 20: Flying Over the Cut-Off". (Actual filming of the Cut-Off begins @ 24 minutes.) 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZY3bGdZ_ATM

• LESLIE BROTHERS MANUFACTURING CO.: The Leslie brothers acquired the design rights from Orange Jull and formed the Rotary Steam Shovel Manufacturing Co. in Paterson, NJ.  They contracted with Cooke Locomotive and Machine Works to do the actual construction beginning in 1883.  In 2001, the rotary snowplow was inducted into the National Railway Hall of Fame.  Paterson-built Leslie rotary snowplows survive in Alaska, California, Colorado, Illinois, Missouri, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah, Washington, France, and elsewhere, but none in NJ.  In the early days, railroads used wedge type snow plows; today most railroads, except in high mountainous areas, rely on the small plows built into modern diesel locomotives and frequent operations to remove snow. 
  YouTube: "Train plows through heavy snow".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_aXYt9G0J3I
  YouTube: "Train Snow Plowing 2".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=keEfH51SCbo
  YouTube: "Cumbres & Toltec Rotary Steam Powered snow plow gets to work 2020 Part 1". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VPnhFXcgLPM
  YouTube: (Modern)  "Rotary Snow Plow".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SuX4G3znpDE

• LESLIE RAILROAD AIR HORNS: The Leslie Co. (now known as Leslie Controls, Inc.) created the most well known railroad air horns in the US.  They originated in Lyndhurst, NJ, and soon moved to Parsippany, and in 1985 to Tampa, FL.  Leslie developed their Super Tyfon S-5T horn, considered to be the best of the best (although your editor prefers the sound of the Nathan Airchime M-3 horn) and are still being manufactured.  Note: Jack Hardman of Portland, Oregon, and your editor were co-founders of the Horn & Whistle Society... 
  YouTube: "Train Horns Part 1 Leslie RS3L".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1PAL-a2MnQk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SuX4G3znpDE
  TouTube: "Recent Projects - Diesel Air Horn".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_t8e1BVVBQ

• LIONEL: Was and still is a famous model train company with its manufacturing facilities originally located in Irvington / Hillside during its most productive early years.  Lionel's 1947 operating milk car was its most popular car ever.  Lionel produced 622,209 model locomotives and 2,460,764 freight and passenger cars in 1951. 
  YouTube: "Classic Lionel Trains in Action". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6hao-TsCw_o
  YouTube? "Iron Ponies".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oM64SGzIrxA

• LIVE STEAM SMALL GAUGE RAILROADS: New Jersey's famous Centerville & Southwestern Railroad was originally located on the Becker Dairy Farm in Roseland.  When the farm was sold for the construction of I-280, the railroad was dismantled and the 4-8-4 steam locomotive was donated to the Ford Museum in Dearborne -  but they later sold it to a private owner.  The balance of the equipment is now in Phillipsburg where a shorter run is operated by the Phillipsburg Railroad Historians several times per year. 
  YouTube: "Centerville and Southwestern Railroad 1957 on Becker's Dairy Farm, Roseland". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UrGMLq99CJE 
  NJ Live Steamers is another live steam operation in Northern NJ.  It is unfortunately only open to members and invited guests. 
  YouTube: "NJ Live Steam 50th Anniversary Meet".
  Hyperlink:    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EL5cb5KaiDk  
  The New Jersey Shore Live Steamers has an extensive layout in South Jersey:
  YouTube: "Train Ride at the Tuckerton RR (NJSLS)".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qq-ev-D83qU
  Cagney, based in NJ for most of its life, was a builder of small gauge live steam locomotives.  They produced over 1,200 locos shipped around the world. Cagneys were used in many amusement venues and some continue in operation in nearby Pennsylvania and elsewhere. 
  YouTube:  "Strasburg Railroad: Cagney #3 June 15, 2019". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wt_zYX8VeHA 
  Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch is a UK common carrier, 15" gauge, passenger railway, which runs for 13 3/4 miles and was built in 1927:
  YouTube: "Romney, Hythe & Dymchurch 9/08/2019".  
  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=669TjRYhreg

• LOTUS CLUB:  Was acquired by the Tilp Family, directly from the Pullman Company in 1968.  The heavyweight car was built in 1913 and was rebuilt in 1936 in an 8 section dining - lounge configuration.  During its 40-year career it routinely ran on the Baltimore & Ohio's NY (Central RR of NJ's Jersey City Terminal) - Washington - Chicago route and on the Federal, a Boston - Washington, D.C. night train.  LOTUS CLUB was delivered to the Erie Lackawanna Bloomfield freight yard, on Bloomfield Avenue, where it was lifted onto a road rig for the night trip to the Tilp family's Adams Industries plant site in Union.  There it served as a luncheon/meeting space for business visitors, utilizing retired Pullman staff.  In 1980 Peter Tilp donated LOTUS CLUB to the Railroad Museum of PA for protected indoor display where it remains to this day.  It was moved by road to the Rahway Valley RR then by rail to the Strasburg RR, pulled by a GG1 from NYC to its final destination. For the complete story you must read Dining A La Pullman: The History of Pullman Dining Service 1866-1968 by Terence Mulligan, Peter Tilp, and Karl Zimmerman - Garbely Publishing Co. - 2019.    

• MAGOR CAR COMPANY: Built some 95,000 railroad cars in Clifton, NJ from 1899 to 1972.  During both World Wars Magor produced 1000s of cars for military needs as well as for export and was a principal builder of cars for Europe under the Marshall Plan.  In 1959 Magor built the first aluminum bodied covered hopper cars to be placed in US revenue service and went on to build over 5000 more.  

• MARK 1 VIDEO: Was founded by NJ resident Mark S. Balkin, (1948-2006).  He was a talented producer/editor of over 100 railroad and trolley videos converted from vintage original film.  His son continues to sell his dad's videos. 
  YouTube: An excellent video of the Iron Horse "Mark 1 Video Trailer".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCyKonxeoGRmq99TpnqzxTXQ

• MANTUA MANUFACTURING Co.: was founded in 1926 in Mantua, NJ by John Tyler, who made small electric motors for model boats.  Tyler moved manufacturing to Woodbury Heights in 1933, where it packaged its motors with HO gauge model train kits.  In 1967 Mantua, "a pioneer of model trains that are also indestructible" merged with the Tyler Manufacturing Co.  The latter was created by John Tyler to sell a new line of ready to run HO gauge trains under the name of Tyco Toys.  In 1977 Mantua split off from Tyco and John's son, Norman bought the factory from Tyco and reintroduced the the highly detailed Mantua line. 
  YouTube: "HO Model Railroad Mantua 4-4-2 Steam Engine PRR 7002".  Hyperlink https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9cBfHJSfKOA
  YouTube: "Mantua HO Scale 4-6-2 Pacific WOW Sound DCC decoder installed by TopHobby Trains".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2C-lrwAkfUU
  YouTube: "Mantua Classics Rolling Stock Review".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7CLfdzUbx4M

• METROLINERS:  were US electric multiple unit railcars designed for first class - high speed (up to 150 mph) service between NYC and Washington, DC on the Northeast Corridor.  During test runs they reached 164 mph, but track and technical conditions limited them to 120 mph in revenue service.  The cars were ordered by the PRR but service didn't begin until 1969 under Penn Central. 
  YouTube:  "Engines of Amtrak - Budd Metroliner". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uuaPj6N5-FI

• MILITARY TRAINS: NJ has always had numerous military camps, bases, depots, arsenals, and industries, such as the present Fort Dix / Maguire / Lakehurst, Picatinny Arsenal, Naval Weapons Station Earle.  They are no longer served by rail, except for Earle which has an extensive internal rail system to move munitions from inland bunkers to piers in Raritan Bay for ship loading.  However, today all munitions are received by truck.  In the WW II era, hundreds of military trains came to NJ ports with troops, vehicles, and supplies for the European theater.  This is a good overview: 
  YouTube: "World War II American Movie: Troop Train WWII 81440 HD".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IIrSwQr4A3c
  Recommended Viewing:  Mark 1 Video: "Railroads in Wartime".  

• MILITARY VEHICLES: Original Signal Corps film:
  YouTube: "War on Wheels - WW II American Truck Convoy Rescued by U.S. Tanks 22500". Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W9swfgmarCs
  The best military museum in NJ:
  YouTube: "Camp Evans - Military Technology Museum of NJ"
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xohUEs3XPKc            
  The best annual show in NJ:
  YouTube: "MTA Military Transport Association Swap Meet Sussex NJ 2014".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76-woBl3heQ   
  Although the following show is held in the UK, numerous European-owned US vehicles participate.
  YouTube: "World's Largest Military Vehicle Show - War and Peace Revival 2017".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5l1GdgVEOBg 
  YouTube: "War and Peace Revival 2017: The Arena". 
  Hyperlink:    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ysMGmXTWBzQ 
  YouTube: "Tanks in Town 2017". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M343iVhFCjs    

• MILK TRANSPORT: The first milk shipments were carried by the Erie RR to NYC in 1842.  In the early days milk cans were transported by wagon and by the Public Service Railroad "Fast Line", as well as other trolley and rail routes.
  In the early days retail milk delivery was performed by horse drawn wagon.
  YouTube: "Dean Dairy Horse Drawn Milk Delivery".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kR34NQcPJLc
  Bulk milk transport in tank cars was common by rail from Northwest NJ and Southeast NY east to population centers until well after WWII.  Today all such transport is performed by truck.
  YouTube: "3472 Operating Milk Car".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LKU24_eYIlE
  From the UK: YouTube: "Milk Logistics Video".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u8edVcHfyUQ
  From Mack Trucks: YouTube: "Milk Trucks Customer Success Story: Lone Star Milk Transport". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U44wtNKbY2k

• MINE RAILWAYS & MUSEUMS (excluding coal): NJ had many operating mine railways, but has no museums with mine train operations.  Iron from the Mt. Hope mine was moved by underground narrow gauge railway and brought up 2,700 feet - the deepest vertical shaft mine in the eastern US (1952). 
  YouTube: "Riding a train inside a old mine".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZ6XVSjWpMk   
  YouTube: "Great Laxey Mine Railway"  (A lead mine on the Isle of Man)  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81Novbj7MrQ  

• MISCELLANEOUS EVENTS:  The first locomotive bell was installed on the JOHN BULL in 1834.  A US patent was issued in 1838 for the first railway brake to E. Morris of Bloomfield.  The first American "T" rail was rolled in Trenton for the Camden & Amboy RR in 1845.  The first iron passenger car was built in Paterson in 1859.  In 1872 Gen. George B. McClellan began his campaign for standardization of RR gauges.  He is credited as "the father of standard gauge."  For a time he was chief engineer of the Morris & Essex RR and lived in West Orange.  Later he was governor of NJ.  The longest non-stop run was made by the PRR from Jersey City to Pittsburgh in 1876.  In the same year a transcontinental special was operated by the PRR from Jersey City to San Francisco in 83 hours and 34 minutes.  The first automatic grade-crossing gates were installed by the CRR of NJ at Whitehouse in 1947.  Two new Budd-built Vista-Dome coaches were attached to the Lehigh Valley RR Asa Packer train in 1947 on a demonstration run west from Newark.  It was the first time Vista Dome coaches appeared on any railroad.  They were en-route to the Burlington RR.  The first practical demonstration of television aboard a moving train was the B&O RR between Jersey City and Washington in 1948.  In the past there were many locations in NJ where freight and passenger railroads operated in the middle of paved streets: Atlantic City, Camden, Hoboken, Jersey City, Paterson, Trenton, etc.  The last such NJ location was on Monroe Street, Garfield and that operation by the NY & Greenwood Lake RR has come to an end. 
  YouTube: "Morristown & Erie MX-29 on the Dundee Spur 10/29/14 - The Historic Movement of U34CH 3372".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A1imU5Gb0eM&t=310s

• MODEL RAILWAYS: The pioneering Dorfan Co. began building die cast "O" gauge model trains in Newark in 1925 and were considered the finest ever made in the US.  Although there are numerous model railroad club layouts in NJ, this one is the largest and best in NJ:
  YouTube: "The Model Railroad Club of Union NJ: HO Model Trains with Real Sounds III".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OH2OKwJOdjg   
  This one in Hamburg, Germany is the largest (and best) in the entire world!
  YouTube: "Miniatur Wunderland***official video largest model railway in the world".  
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ACkmg3Y64_s
  Recommended Viewing: Mark 1 Video: "Northlandz".  On Rt. 202, north of Flemington.

• MORNING SUN BOOKS: Was founded by NJ resident Robert J. Yanosey in 1986.  They are America's No. 1 publisher of all-color railroad (and electric railway) books.  They have published over 1,100 titles to date and add 50 new titles per year...

• MOTOR COACH or BUS SERVICE: The first cross-country revenue bus service was Pioneer Yelloway Stages in 1928.  They operated from NYC to San Francisco in five days 14 hours, making stops at Jersey City, Newark and Camden.     A record-breaking bus charter occurred in 1929 when 111 PS buses carried 3,343 members of the Prudential Life Insurance Athletic Assn. to their annual outing in Asbury Park. 

• MULTIPLE UNIT CONTROLS: are a system of controlling a train of self propelled rail vehicles by one motorman at the front of the train.  In 1900 Frank J. Sprague gave up his elevator business and focused on MU controls at a new multi-floor factory on Lawrence Street, Bloomfield, straddling the East Orange border.  In 1902 the Sprague MU patents and interests were taken over by the General Electric Co. and they continued producing his MU as well as his elevator controls at the Bloomfield plant.  Sprague's MU control technology is used currently in operation of electric self propelled, light rail, subway and rapid transit trains as well as in the operation of multiple locomotives pulling or assisting long trains.  After WW II the Bloomfield plant built GE air conditioning units and has now been converted to condominiums.  Interestingly, the plant was served by both the Erie Orange and the Lackawanna Montclair branches.
  Recommended Viewing: Mark 1 Video: "New York Els and Subways".    

• NAMED TRAINS: Many famous named trains, such as the Broadway Limited, Phoebe Snow, Capitol Limited, Crusader, Black Diamond, etc. operated through our state.  But, The Blue Comet was New Jersey's most famous train - "The Seashore's Finest Train".  It was operated intrastate from NYC (Central RR of NJ, Jersey City Terminal) to Atlantic City by the Central Railroad of NJ for only a few years before WW II.  URHS owns two coaches and one observation-lounge car from The Blue Comet.  All are at Boonton Yard and in need of extensive restoration. 
  YouTube: "Blue Comet Movie 1". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BZ4-SywJ3Vo   
  YouTube: "PRSL 1930s to 1960s". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p953KPAAfOQ
  YouTube: "The Phoebe Snow Tribute Song". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6yjxjtVcuY

• NEW JERSEY: was the name, registered in 1839, for a small steam tugboat ordered by Robert F. Stockton, President of the Delaware & Raritan Canal Company, from Laird & Co. shipbuilders in Birkenhead, England.  It was iron hull, 70' long and made some impressive trials under steam in the adjacent Mersey River with its new Ericcson "screw propeller."  It could not carry enough coal to be steamed across the Atlantic, so a mast was erected and it was sailed to New York, becoming the first iron hull vessel to transit the Atlantic.  NEW JERSEY was also the first commercially successful propeller driven vessel in America and was used primarily to tow canalboats between Philadelphia and Bordentown on the Delaware River.  After 30 years of use she was unfortunately scrapped - only a model of her exists in the Smithsonian Institution.

• NJ MARITIME MUSEUM:  Is dedicated to the preservation of NJ maritime history in all its multitude of aspects.  They have a museum in Beach Haven on the southern end of Long Beach Island.  It includes an extensive and outstanding collection of maritime history and artifacts - the best in NJ.  View the photos in their gallery on their website and you will be convinced that you must make a visit!  Info@NJMM.org   
  YouTube: "NJ Maritime Museum tours are amazing".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMXoIHAHTHk

• NEW JERSEY's TALL SHIP:  A. J. MEERWALD is the official tall ship of NJ and was launched in 1928 as a Delaware Bay oyster schooner.  She is now a key part of the Bayshore Center of Bivalve, NJ, who offer unique hands-on educational sails aboard the schooner and operate the Delaware Bay Museum and Oyster Cracker Cafe in the former oyster shipping sheds dating from 1904.  Fresh oysters were formerly distributed north throughout NJ in refrigerator cars by the Central RR of NJ from this point.  URHS donated a vintage wood sided box car to Bayshore Center which they have restored and re-purposed.  LHRy has provided funding for A. J. MEERWALD's upkeep. 
  YouTube: "Sailing the A. J. Meerwald".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jm12ZwHrEAI
  YouTube: "Sailing on the schooner A. J. Meerwald in NY Harbor". (MEERWALD sails annually for a week from Liberty State Park, Jersey City, NJ)  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=twJDS0AN6RM 

• NJ TRANSIT:  Is our state-owned public transit system serving NJ as well as parts of NY and PA.  NJT operates 2500 buses on 240 routes; 12 commuter rail lines; and 5 light rail routes throughout NJ.  NJT is the largest state-wide public transit system and the 3rd largest transit provider by ridership in the US. 
  YouTube: "NJ Transit Marks 40 Years 1979-2019".  Hyperlink https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5Uxe0EmjPY

• NEW YORK SHIPBUILDING CORP. or NY Ship operated from 1899 to 1968 at Camden, completing more than 500 vessels for the US Navy, US Merchant Marine, the US Coast Guard, and other maritime entities.  At its peak, during WW II, NY Ship was the largest and most productive shipyard in the world.  It's best known vessels include: the USS REUBEN JAMES, the USS INDIANAPOLIS, the USS KITTY HAWK, and the NS (nuclear ship) SAVANNAH. 
  YouTube: ""US Navy Aircraft Carrier USS Kitty Hawk (CV-63) - SUPER Aircraft Carrier".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ga_1JkExKHg
  YouTube: "Launching the Nuclear Ship Savannah".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EzDFnEt2-Uw

• OIL TRAINS: The Erie RR was the first to provide tank cars for the transport of oil in 1861.  The largest petroleum transfer facilities were built by the CRR of NJ in Jersey City in 1876.  During WW II, with German submarines menacing coastal shipping, huge quantities of oil were shipped into NJ. Entire new marshalling yards had to be built for the emergency.  The world's largest railroad oil tank car yard opened in 1943, at Tremley on the CRR of NJ.  Volume soon reached 1,000,000 barrels per day - the largest volume movement of petroleum by rail in the history of transportation.  Today unit trains bring oil and ethanol into tidewater terminals in NJ, especially along Arthur Kill. 
  YouTube: "Bent Rail BNSF Oil Train Meets CSX Q009 Train".  
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qIbenjpMZIc

• OPERATION TOY TRAIN: Is its own non-profit organization that operates a special train in northern NJ and southern NY.  They operate over various railroads and collect about 25,000 toys annually for the Marine Corps. Reserve on two weekends before Christmas. The video was produced/directed/filmed by Rudy Garbely.
  YouTube: “Operation Toy Train". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4UcHYAYfBz0 

• ORANGE JUICE TRAINS:  A refrigerated orange juice train was begun by Tropicana between Florida and NJ in 1970.  ("Tropicana" section from "Refrigerated cars/trains" to be incorporated here.)

• ORE TRAINS:  Ore trains via both the PRR and the Lehigh Valley RR helped feed the furnaces of Bethlehem Steel in nearby PA. 
  YouTube: (Model Train Layout PRR "The Ore Train").  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ho4dKx6a74g

• PASSENGER FERRIES:  The first regular, legalized ferry across the Hudson River was established between Communipaw and Manhattan by Willem Jansen in 1861.  A 130' x 40' double ended, steam powered ferry was built in Jacksonville FL in 1913.  Between 1921 and 1927 she operated as the Mt. Holly between Palmyra, NJ and Tacony, PA.  From 1927  to 1938 she operated between LI City and 34th St., Manhattan.  In 1938 she was working for the Chesapeake Bay Ferry Co.  In 1945 her steam engines and boilers were replaced by two Atlas Imperial diesel engines.  In 1954 she was acquired by the Lake Champlain Transportation Co. and was altered to clear the 13' bridge heights on the Champlain Canal.  On Lake Champlain she was renamed Adirondak and operates between Burlington and Point Kent.  In 1970 her Atlas engines were replaced by 2 new 12V71 Detroit Diesel engines and she continues in service as the oldest operating ferry in the US.  The several NJ railroads which terminated at the Hudson River utilized large double ended ferryboats to deliver their passengers to NYC.  The PRR and the Reading had similar ferries which operated between Camden and Philadelphia.  There is a current tourist-type ferry which continues to operate between Camden and Philadelphia.  The last railroad-operated commuter ferry service in the US. between Hoboken and NYC, was ended by the Erie Lackawanna Ry in 1967.  Today only one NJ railroad has an active terminal on the Hudson River - NJ Transit @ Hoboken.  However, there is an extensive multi-route passenger ferry system operating currently, with  independent NY Waterway being the largest.  Here's what the old ferries looked like:
  YouTube: "CNJ Ferry Elizabeth Departs West Street Terminal in Manhattan."  
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6tRz9cDQG0 
  YouTube: "CNJ: A Day Out in Bayonne".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J2zEOgreGSM (Good CNJ ferry views)
  Recommended viewing: Mark 1 Video: Ferryboats, Carfloats, and Liners"  (NY Harbor) 

• PATCO HIGH SPEED LINE:  A/K/A Port Authority Transit Corp. Speedline, operates from Camden County, NJ over the Benjamin Franklin bridge into center city Philadelphia.  They began operation over their 14 mile line in 1969.  PATCO was one of the first rapid transit systems to incorporate automatic train operation for regular service.  The system is designed for one person train operation (OPTO).  PATCO connects with the Atlantic City Line, the RiverLine and numerous bus routes. 
  YouTube: "TVS PATCO Trains: Collingswood & Ashland Stations". Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rdROToazEzI

• PATERSON MUSEUM: is located in the former Thomas Rogers building, 2 Market Street, Paterson, which was the Rogers Locomotive Erecting Shop.  Exhibits include: the unique Holland submarine, Colt Arms, RR artifacts, a model RR exhibit, etc.  On exhibit outside are two Paterson-built locomotives: No. 299, a 2-6-0, built by Alco-Cooke, which was returned from the Panama Canal Zone where it was used in the construction of the canal ; and an 0-4-0ST (saddle tank), built for American Brake Shoe and Foundry. 
  YouTube: "Paterson Museum Video Tour". 
  Hyperlink https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsMkERBX_jw

• PLEASURE EXCURSIONS:  The NJ shore has been and remains the major destination for rail travelers as well as bus travelers.  Some railroads, such as the Lehigh Valley developed pleasure or amusement parks like as Bellewood and Glen Onoko.  Lakes, especially Lake Hopatcong and Greenwood Lake were popular rail destinations.  Railroad excursions and fantrips generated great ridership to numerous destinations.  Trolley cars delivered visitors by the carload to dozens of amusement parks in NJ.  The last "trolley park" in NJ, Clementon in South Jersey, closed in 2019.  Over the years visitors were brought to it by railroad, trolley, PS All-Service Vehicles, buses, and right up to the end by NJ Transit motor coaches. 
  YouTube: "At Palisades (a musical tribute to Palisades Amusement Park".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_PoFqOLsU1k
  NY Harbor has scores of excursions, sightseeing tours, dinner boats and ferry services, almost too many  to mention...  But, the Jersey shore has several sightseeing and dinner boats, such as: the RIVER QUEEN, which offers cruises through the Point Pleasant Canal and on Barnegat Bay, and Manasquan River.  River Lady Cruises is a paddle wheel steamboat type vessel, RIVER LADY. 
  YouTube: "River Lady Cruises - Toms River, NJ".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bStaVXPvAAU
  YouTube: "River Belle Sightseeing & Dining Cruises.mov". Point Pleasant.  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p37qs0-8Kzs
  YouTube: "Pirate Voyages".  Ocean City. 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4q8y3EaTDjk   
  YouTube:"Cape May Whale Watcher: You've Never Seen New Jersey Like This" 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41vGo7iX6IY&t=25s

• POLAR EXPRESS TRAINS: Are currently run seasonally in Phillipsburg and Whippany, NJ.  At Whippany 160+ trains are run between Thanksgiving and New Years day directly by Rail Events, the franchisee.  Probably the most intense operation in the world... 
  YouTube: "The Polar Express Train Ride 2018 Whippany NJ For Kids".  
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fuMgWNrs9BA         

• PT BOATS: Electric Launch Co. (ELCO) of Bayonne, NJ was a major builder of PT boats during WW II.  Each vessel completed was test operated in both NY Harbor and Newark Bay. 
  YouTube: "PT Boats in Action". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zk5wcZ3bNho 
  YouTube: “PT Boat – Giant Killers”, Parts 1 -3. 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8tQP3s9DIQ
  Note: Fleet Obsolete of Kingston, NY is a private collector and restorer of ELCO PT boats. 

• PUBLIC SERVICE PLANK ROAD SHOPS: Was a large complex on Plank Road, near the East limits of Newark.  PS Railway (and PSCT after 1928) assembled over 600 streetcars at this location and assembled over 1,000 Benedict body buses.  Note that 100  of the latter number of buses were built by the Day Elder Co. in their truck assembly plant in Irvington utilizing chassis (25 each) supplied by Fageol, Mack, White and Yellow Coach.  Component parts were acquired from vendors for both streetcars and buses: including electronics from GE; trucks from Brill or Standard and most bus chassis with engines were from Yellow Coach.  One bus, Transco, was entirely built from the ground up by PS in 1925 at the Day Elder truck assembly plant in Irvington.    

• PULLMAN CARS: The CRR of NJ operated the first sleeping cars in 1864.  The first Pullman designed and built sleeping cars were operated on the Erie RR between Jersey City and Chicago in 1875.  The B&O RR operated sleeping cars through from Jersey City to San Francisco - the first such trans-continental operation in  1898.  The Pullman Co. built and leased their high class Pullman cars to the individual railroads.  This is an excellent video showing not only the Pullman sleeping cars, but also dining cars with their kitchen, mail and baggage handling, train interiors and locomotive cab. 
  YouTube: "Historic Train Stations: The Pullman Sleeping Cars 1950's".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MgAGfm4M3xE

• RADIO: The DL&W RR was the first in the east to successfully establish a wireless (radio) equipped train, in 1913.  The first radio-telephone system was installed on the PRR Bel Del Branch in 1942.  The Erie RR was the first to install a complete and comprehensive radio communication system over their entire main line (only) in 1950.  The Somerset Bus Co. was the first in NJ to equip their entire fleet with two-way radios in 1950.  The Lehigh & Hudson River Railway became the first in the east to be completely equipped with two-way radios in 1958.  

• RAILPACE NEWSMAGAZINE: was founded in 1982 in Piacataway, NJ by Tom Nemeth, Dennis Connell, and Bill Chaplik.  It is a source for the latest news, photos, and features dedicated to railroading in the Northeastern US and Canada.  In 2020 Railpace was acquired by White River Publications. 

• RAILROAD CARFLOAT OPERATIONS:  Many NJ rail routes terminated at the NJ bank of the Hudson River.  An elaborate system of float bridges, carfloats and station floats was used to bring the freight cars to NYC piers, freight yards and terminals.  The PRR completed their Greenville / Jersey City yard in 1907.  It was the largest rail-marine terminal in the US.    The innovative and unique SeaTrain system began operations from Hoboken to Cuba in December, 1928. One carfloat operation remains:
  YouTube:  "The New York Jersey Car Float Operation From NYC to New Jersey".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dWTXrpgYO4Y
  YouTube: "Off loading cars at the Greenville float bridge".  (NJ)  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ENLq71eKtk0
  Recommended Viewing: Mark 1 Video: "Ferryboats, Carfloats, and Liners".  (NY Harbor)

• RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION Co., Inc.: was founded in 1926 and is now a major general contractor providing an array of track services for both the private and public sectors and are headquartered in Paterson, NJ.

• RAILROAD EXCURSIONS CURRENTLY OPERATING IN NJ: The one with the most active and varied annual schedule:
  YouTube: "Along the Delaware River Railroad Excursions".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkMrXUAoU90            
  YouTube: "A Day Out With Thomas Phillipsburg, NJ".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Za_btsjoBzU
  YouTube:  "C&O 614 - Hoboken to Port Jervis - 10/19/97".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y7PePKv7OGU    
  YouTube: "Black River and Western Railroad: 50 years of choochin".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHJkMizVbTQ             
  YouTube: "Pine Creek Railroad Keeps Transportation History Alive". 
  Hyperlink:    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsUwZZ7z5nY      
  YouTube: "Pine Creek Railroad".   
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3NlZPXgWfdQ            
  YouTube: "Cape May Seashore Lines Fall Foliage Express".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afHqtto1ypo   
  YouTube:  "Cape May Seashore Lines Motorcar Ride".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M-At-Y4bbYg          
  YouTube: "Cape May Seashore Lines South of Woodbine".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpZ1TmoYqtI   

• RAILROAD MUSEUMS: The best in NJ:
  YouTube: "Whippany Railway Museum 10/15/2017".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJkpA6rrgEg        
  The Railroad Museum of PA has an outstanding collection - many items have a NJ pedigree, including a replica of the Camden & Amboy RRs John Bull. 
  YouTube: "Strassburg, PA - Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEJPFX4GoN4        
  The California State Museum is considered one of America's best and most elaborate railway museums.  Their centerpiece jewel exhibit is a small 4-2-4 steam locomotive built by Danforth Cooke Co., in Paterson, NJ in 1863.  It was shipped from NY Harbor, around Cape Horn to Sacramento, CA for the Central Pacific RR (later, Southern Pacific RR No. 1, the C. P. Huntington). The design has been copied by Chance Rides Co. for narrow gauge amusement type railroads, such as at Turtleback Zoo in West Orange.  Here is what those locos / trains look like:
  YouTube: "C. P. Huntington Train by Chance Rides Since 1961".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8WXOubuagU
  In Scranton, PA: YouTube: "Railfest 2019 - Steamtown National Historic Site".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WzdsPSAxNgk  
  In Maryland:  YouTube: "The B & O Railroad Museum in Baltimore".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=awgZjiQo8gE
  Sacramento, CA: YouTube: "California State Railroad Museum (walk through tour)". Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MtamXb2ycUg  

• RAILROAD POST OFFICE TRAINS: The first US Railway Post Office service was begun between NYC and Washington in 1864.  Such trains covered NJ and the US in a web of routes to distribute the US Mail until well after WW II.  The first NJ Highway Post Office route was between Newark and Wanaque in 1948.  It basically paralleled the Erie RR Greenwood Lake branch.  The last RPO run in the US was between NY and Washington (through NJ) in 1977. 
  YouTube: "1956 Railroad Post Office - Men And Mail in Transit - Trains Documentary - Charlie Dean Archives".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tlo3BAJEgYw

• RAILROAD SHOPS:  At one time NJ had scores of railroad shops and round houses, in which locomotive and car repair work was performed.  Street railway operators also had to have carbarns and shops where repair work was carried out.  The Public Service Plank Road, Newark, shops were the largest in the state.  The trolley facilities are all gone, but in their place are the new NJ Transit light rail shops at Jersey City, Bloomfield and Camden. The current heavy rail shops in NJ include: NJ Transit, Meadows Maintenance Center; PATH, Harrison Maintenance Facility; PATCO Lindenwold shop; Morristown & Erie, Morristown Shop; URHS @ Boonton; and the brand new NY Susquehanna & Western T&H Society Phillipsburg shop. 

• RAILROAD TRACK MAINTENANCE: A comparison between the historic manpower days and current mechanized methods. 
  YouTube: "1900s Railroad Construction". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZH9JtPBq7k  
  YouTube: "Maintenance Equipment in Action".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XX_rgPWULQc

• RAILROAD TUNNELS: Several early railroad tunnels were built in NJ.  The first under the Hudson River was built in 1908 for the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad Uptown Line. 
  YouTube: (Manunka Chunk, NJ)  "Exploring 160 year-old train tunnels in NJ"  **Disclaimer - exploring tunnels is dangerous and it is highly recommended that you do not attempt**  
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YOJ0z-uVLEw 

• RAIL SPEED RECORDS:  Over the years, many speed records were set in NJ on the raceways of the Pennsylvania Railroad between New Brunswick and Princeton as well as on the Jersey Central through Union County and the Delaware River to Atlantic City routes of the PRR and Reading.  The early records were set with steam locomotives and more recently with electric powered equipment on the Northeast Corridor.  In 1891 the first scheduled mile-a-minute passenger train in the US operated across NJ on the Philadelphia & Reading RR.  CRR of NJ locomotive No.385 set the world speed record of 105 mph between Plainfield and Westfield in 1892.  A record speed run on the Atlantic City RR between Camden and AC in 43 minutes covered one section at 115.2 mph in 1904.  A record 152 mph was achieved by a US Dept.of Commerce test run of 4 Budd EMU coaches between New Brunswick and Trenton in 1966.  A year later a United Aircraft TorboTrain reached 170 mph on the same stretch of track.  In 2000 a new Amtrak Acela locomotive reached 172 mph on the same stretch.   
  YouTube:  "Acela High Speed Test Runs - 165 MPH Run (in HD) - Princeton Junction, NJ".  
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jb9zIAqB7kE  
  YouTube: "Delivering Amtrak's New Acela High Speed Trains".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A5WWAWBaL
  YouTube: "A sneek peak inside Amtrak's new Acela".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8XF68ug5PmQ

• REFRIGERATOR CARS / TRAINS:  The Erie RR was the first to transport California fresh fruit to the NY market in 1887.   After WW II hundreds of yellow and orange wooden ice-cooled refrigerator cars could be seen at the PRR Meadows Yard, just west of the Hackensack River.  Many were lettered "Pacific Fruit Express".  They carried vegetables as well as fruits and meat products.  Later when mechanical refrigerator cars were introduced, the trains no longer had to periodically stop to be re-iced.  The Erie Railroad moved great volumes of refrigerator cars East from California.  Whippany Railway Museum has restored a wooden refrigerator car, and URHS has a "Swift" insulated mechanical refrigerator car which needs restoration.  Long trains of Tropicana Orange Juice cars are still delivered to the Tropicana Jersey City Terminal. 
  YouTube: "[T-160] How Railroads Work: Tropicana Juice Train, Ice Cold Express & Cryogenic Refers". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dwyw-RQxc6I

• RIVERLINE: is a NJ Transit diesel-electric light rail system paralleling the Delaware River between Trenton and Camden which opened in 2004 and ridership has exceeded expectations.  It was mostly constructed on the 1830-1 Camden & Amboy right-of-way, which became PRR, PC, and Conrail railroads.  Passenger service was abandoned in 1963.  Much of the line was formerly used by the famous NY to Atlantic City "Nelly Bly" express train. 
  YouTube: "A Ride and more along the New Jersey Transit Riverline". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4R3fI7EHGjM

• ROADS:   The first wagon road in America was built ca. 1650 by Dutch miners and settlers to connect copper mines at Pahaquarry in the Kitatinny Mountains of northwest NJ to tidewater at Kingston, NY.  The first overland Transportation service offered to the public in America was between Amboy and Burlington via the Jersey Wagon (a crude stage coach) in 1733.  NJ became the first state to grant funds for the construction of public roads in 1891.  The agency that became the NJ DOT began as the NJ State Highway Department ca. 1920.  NJ DOT was established in 1966 as the first state transportation agency in the US.  In 1979, with the establishment of NJ Transit, NJ DOT's rail division (which funded and operated state-sponsored rail passenger service) was folded into the new agency.  NJ DOT develops interim and long term plans and strategic policy on freight and shipping in and around the state.  These intermodal policies cover trucking, rail, maritime and air freight. 
  YouTube: "Building a Highway (1948)".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFJpDLq3O1k
  NJ 1909 map showing paved roads in red and railroads:
  North Jersey Hyperlink: https://mapmaker.rutgers.edu/HISTORICALMAPS/NJ_1909_N.jpg
  South Jersey Hyperlink: https://mapmaker.rutgers.edu/HISTORICALMAPS/NJ_1909_S.jpg  Click on the image to zoom in.

• ROGERS LOCOMOTIVE & MACHINE COMPANY: Founded in Paterson in 1832 and ceased operation in 1905 when they were succeeded by American Locomotive Company.  Surviving Rogers locomotives are preserved in Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, and Washington, plus Canada, Chile, Cuba, New Zealand and Peru.  In 1843, Paterson's Rogers Locomotive & Machine Co. built a 4-4-2 locomotive, LA JUNTA for export.  Today it is the oldest surviving NJ built locomotive in the world and is preserved in the Havana Railway Museum in Cuba. 
  YouTube: "Rogers Locomotive Works".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9IcO-92YN_A
  The Southern Museum of Civil War and Locomotive History, in Kennesaw, GA, has the GENERAL of the great locomotive chase fame.  It is a 4-4-0 built by Rogers in 1855, serial No.631. 
  YouTube: "Civil War Steam Locomotive General".  In operation in 1962.  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xpPO5IeCkcg
  In 1877-78 Rogers Locomotive Works of Paterson, NJ  built  and shipped a total of eight narrow gauge 2-4-2 steam locos to New Zealand's rail network.  They were successfully used until the 1920s.  Several of the retired locos were dumped into the Orenti River after 1926 as part of a riverbank erosion protection project.  Three of those Rogers locomotives were exhumed from their graves between 1974 and 1987. Most thought restoration was impossible...  K88 was restored to steam operation by 1987 and K92 was restored ca. 2000.   
  YouTube: "The Rogers Sisters K88 and K92 at the Plains 2005"
  Hyperlink:     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jvcn_tD0-Y8 
  Railtown 1897 State Historic Park, Jamestown, CA has the famous movie locomotive No. 3, a 4-6-0 built by Rogers in 1891 for the Prescott & Arizona Central.  It has starred in Hollywood hits since 1919, including: The Virginian; Rawhide; Back to the Future III; and TV hits: Lassie; Little House on the Prarie; Iron Horse; and Petticoat Junction.  No. 3 has appeared in more movies than any other locomotive. 
  YouTube: "Railtown 1897 Steam Train Sierra Railway No.3 Movie Queen".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Rx4vrsGrT0
  Kentucky Railway Museum, New Haven, KY, has a 4-6-2 Pacific, No. 152, built for the Louisville & Nashville RR in 1905 by Rogers.  Golden Spike National Historic Site, Promontory, UT has two locomotives which perform the ceremony daily.  One of them, No.119 is a replica of Union Pacific No.119 originally built by Rogers in 1868.   
  Restoring a steam locomotive:
  YouTube: "Restoration of Sumpter Valley Steam Engine (Cushman)".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwFogz-huxE
  Steam into History, New Freedom, PA operates trips to historic Hanover Junction.  Their train is pulled by a modern replica of an 1869 Rogers 4-4-0 locomotive, YORK, No. 17, built by Kloke Engineering.   They used plans developed by the National Park Service to build the UP No.119 for the Golden Spike Ceremony at Promontory, UT.

• ROLLER BEARINGS:  Are a critical component of all modern vehicles.  Hyatt Bearings was started in 1892 and in 1916 became a part of General Motors.  They had two plants in NJ, Harrison and Clark.  Hyatt bearings were used in aircraft and vehicle engines, trucks, buses, tanks, armored cars, half-tracks, bulldozers, various big guns and their turrets, PT boats, landing craft, DUKWs, jeeps, autos, etc., with as many as 72 Hyatt roller bearings used in some of the above.  The Hyatt plants each received multiple Army / Navy "E" awards during WW II.  Both Harrison and Clark Hyatt plants closed in 1965.  Note; the Harrison site is a Transit Oriented Development for condominiums, and the Clark plant pollution was capped with soil delivered by rail from the Carpentersville quarry on the Delaware River and is now a golf course.  Current remaining bearing plants in NJ are Consolidated, RBC, and two Ardom locations. 
  YouTube: "THE MAKING (English Version)(314) The Making of steel balls".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=19duYMdiXi0
  YouTube: "Cylindrical Roller Bearings".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FSLpUxpKERc
  YouTube: "Tapered Roller Bearings".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmdlVfAlre4

• SEA SCOUTING:   Is a division of The Boy Scouts of America which focuses on boating.  Two NJ groups are based together on the Rahway River in Linden: Ship 228 operates the 65' vessel SEA DART II, one of the largest Sea Scout vessels on the east coast; and Ship 243 operates the SEA HORSE, a former Vietnam era river patrol boat.  LHRy has funded two replacement auxiliary power diesel generators for SEA DART II.  (Need a YouTube video clip.)

• SEMAPHORE SIGNALS: Were a common and widely used form of signaling to alert engineers , and motormen, of track / traffic conditions ahead.  The world's first electrically powered semaphore signal was installed in Phillipsburg by the CRR of NJ in1893. 
  YouTube: "Semaphore Signal l Railway Engineering".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IT1dIBJ7dSk
  YouTube: "Cambrian Semaphores & Signal Boxes". Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4urmaIHaGc

• SHAY LOCOMOTIVES: Two double truck Shay geared locomotives, built by the Lima Locomotive works in 1919, were operated by the Edison Portland Cement Co. at New Village, NJ.  A similar locomotive, built by Lima in 1927, has been at the Pine Creek Railroad at Allaire State Park, NJ for decades, but is currently out of service.  Here's what a Shay looks like operating on a western logging railway:
  YouTube: "West Side Logging Railroad".  (Tolumne, California).  Hyperlink:    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_haZIk4GXzI

• SHIP REPAIR YARDS IN NJ: included Bethlehem Steel Hoboken yard, formerly W & A Fletcher Co.; the former Central RR of NJ drydocks and repair yard, which became McAlister Tug and Barge Drydocks; Union Drydock; and Perth Amboy Drydock; all of which are gone, but there are still a few small facilities, mostly for yachts.  Trying to get the documentary film "Pier 19" which covers the former McAllister, Jersey City location, now part of Liberty State Park, via YouTube.... 

• STANDARD TIME ZONES: William F. Allen, a South Orange resident, proposed a system of five standard time zones across the US and Canada.  Allen's system was adopted by the railroads in 1883.  Standard time was enacted into US law in 1918. 

• STEAMBOAT FLOATING CLASSROOM: Is a replica 1800's paddle wheel steamboat built in Bucyrus, OH in the 1970's and operated in OH.  The 50' long 14 tom steamboat, with a capacity of 49 was acquired by Princeton University Professor, the lat Bart Hoebel who completely replaced the hull bottom and did many other upgrades.  She was launched into the Delaware River in 2004 and renamed SPLASH (Student Participation in  Learning Aquatic Science and History).  For well over a decade SPLASH fulfilled her non-profit mission and LHRy provided grants for maintenance.  Unfortunately, the vessel is now for sale, but we hope she will say in NJ and continue her mission.  Need video...

• STEAM LOCOMOTIVE BUILDERS: Over the years there were four firms which built steam locomotives in Paterson.  Two Paterson-built locomotives are on display at the Paterson Museum outside the former Rogers shop building and many exhibits are inside.  A fifth NJ builder was located in Jersey City, Breeze Kneeland & Co.  The first locomotive built in Paterson was completed by Rogers Ketchum & Grosvenor Locomotive Works in 1837.  By the time the last locomotive was completed in Paterson in 1923, over 12,000 locos had been built there.  The Great Locomotive Chase was a famous 1862 Civil War incident involving two Paterson-built locomotives, the General and the TEXAS.  In 1939 a 4-4-0 locomotive, built in Paterson in 1861, the William Crooks, traveled by steam from St. Paul, MN, to the NY World's Fair.  Also see individual subjects: American Locomotive Co.; Cooke Locomotive and Machine Co.; Danforth Cooke and Company; Rogers Locomotive and Machine Co.  And, also see Leslie Brothers Manufacturing Co., which built railroad rotary snow blowers in Paterson. 

• STEPHENSON, JOHN: Was an important and very early builder of carriages, omnibuses, and horse cars in NYC.  In their final years they moved their factory to Elizabeth, NJ (now part of Linden, NJ).  The Friends of the NJ Transportation Heritage Center acquired a double truck, Stephenson car built in Elizabeth, NJ in 1906 from Lisbon, Portugal and shipped it back to NJ.  We were unfortunately never able to find a site to store and operate the car in NJ.  It remains in limbo in outdoor storage at a trucking company...  Here is a video clip of a similar 1906 Stephenson car also built in NJ:

• YouTube: "Nelson Electric Tramway Society - Streetcar #23". (British Columbia, Canada).  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Me2i2GRhT3I  

• COL. JOHN STEVENS:  Built the first steamboat in NJ in 1807.  Introduced the first steam-powered ferryboat, the JULIANA, in 1811, which operated between Hoboken and Manhattan.  In 1815 the first railroad charter in the US was given to Stevens and others for the NJ Railroad Co.  In 1824 Stevens built and operated the first steam-powered locomotive to pull a train on track in the US on his estate in Hoboken. 

• STREETCARS, TROLLEYS & TRAMS: The first tests of electrically powered trolley cars in NJ were made on the Orange Crosstown line by Leo Daft in 1887.  His system was used on the Bloomfield Avenue line from 1889 to 1891.  Leo Daft is buried in Holy Cross Cemetery, Ridge Road, North Arlington, NJ.  John Stephenson built a high speed interurban electric railway car capable of 120 mph with safety and comfort in 1904 at his Elizabeth (Linden) plant.  The first gasoline (internal combustion) electric trolley cars were designed, built by PS and put in regular service between Elizabeth , New Brunswick and Trenton in 1930.  The NJ Transit Newark City Subway had one of the last fleet of original PCC cars operating until 2001.  No vintage trolley cars currently operate anyplace in NJ - The closest operation is Shore Line Trolley Museum @ East Haven, CT, where they have several trolleys and a rapid transit vehicle from the Garden State: 
  YouTube: "Museum in Motion Trolley Parade 2019 At the Shore Line Trolley Museum".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HmPFwVYlO8U      
  You can go to San Francisco and ride, as a tourist, on many of the Newark PCC cars which have been restored and repainted in vintage paint schemes of cities which used them in the US. 
  YouTube: "Colorful Classic PCC Streetcars in San Francisco". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YStcNxum8ho   
  YouTube: "San Francisco Tram F-Line".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDp_nPTt058 
  You can also go to San Diego, CA and ride a restored Newark City Subway PCC car:
  YouTube: "San Diego Trolley - Silver Line Vintage PCC".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2wA6bUDSW84  
  YouTube: "New Jersey PCC #26 Restoration Update (Episode 1)".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTsEM_INoMk  Note: this is 1 in a series of 5 videos produced by the Baltimore Streetcar Museum.   
  Recommended Viewing: Mark 1 Video: "Public Service Coordinated Transport".              
  The North Jersey Electric Railway Historical Society is dedicated to preserving and restoring several surviving NJ trolleys.  Here's what the cars looked like when operating on NJ streets and trolley routes. 
  YouTube: "NJ Trolley Video". 
  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wKgNn0lXL1I
  Other NJ pedigree trolleys are in the collections of several trolley museums, including Kennybunkport, ME.
  YouTube: "Transit Day at the Seashore Trolley Museum 10/7/17".  
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwR_rXc6jto
  Scranton, PA: YouTube: "Electric City Trolley Museum (with full ride)".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZqPAa45gbw8
  And, in nearby Scranton, PA. 
  YouTube: "Ride Aboard Fastest Electric City Trolley and Museum Tour".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xp_TtJdczms
  England and Canada have outstanding tram and railway operations which we offer as inspiration for the future in NJ.  The oldest electric railway in the world is in the UK:
  YouTube: "Volks Electric Railway, Brighton". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=InFO2TZJFu4              
  The best and largest tram museum in the world is in the UK:
  YouTube: "The National tramway Museum - Crich Tramway Village, July 2018" (Their 50th anniversary).  
  Hyperlink:    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwwaTPlzIUw 
  Here is a 2/3 size tram line constructed on a former British Rail branch line to a 2'9" gauge with over 100,000 visitors per year:
  YouTube: "Colyton to Seaton via the Seton Tramway Devon".  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00VxaUa4vBY
  From the UK: YouTube: "Blackpool Illuminations and Illuminated trams 28/8/2018". Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssezY9ucLDk
  Here is a most unique and attractive excursion operation using two open bench trolley cars in Canada:
  YouTube: "Operations on the Huntsville and Lake of Bays Railway in Huntsville, ON"  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTfi_i0WG1s  

• SUNKEN LOCOMOTIVES: In 1985 two vintage steam locomotives were found upright, side by side, in 90 feet of water 5 miles off the coast of Long Branch by charter fishing boat Capt. Dan Lieb.  In 2004 a team of diving and railroad enthusiasts working along with the History Channel investigated the relics.  They have been identified as Civil War era Planet Class 2-2-2 locos dating from 1850-55.  The NJ Museum of Transportation has been granted custody of the two locos by a District Judge.  The museum hopes one day to raise them for display and interpretation. 
  YouTube: "Underwater Train Wreck". 
  Hyperlink https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hE4IbZj5JS4

• TELEGRAPH: The first telegraph was tested in Morristown in 1838 by Samuel Morse and Alfred Vail.  It became a most important communication tool for the operation of railroads and canals.  A very early installation was used to control water levels and vessel traffic on the Delaware & Raritan Canal in 1846.  The New Brunswick Marconi Station was completed by the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co. in 1914 but the station was confiscated by the US Government in 1917 after the US declared war on Germany.  Then named the New Brunswick Naval Radio Station, it was the principal radio communication link between the US and Europe until 1920 when it was turned over to RCA and was a backup to their primary transmitting station on LI until 1952.  It was built on the banks of the Delaware & Raritan Canal, in Somerset, about a mile west of New Brunswick.   The movement of the big Alexanderson generators and other heavy equipment from manufacturer, General Electric at Schenectady, to the station utilized both the Erie and D&R Canals plus the tidewater connections between the two.  Coal for the boilers also came by canal.  It was the most powerful radio-telegraph station in the world.
  YouTube:  
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ID6r4-2_0bc

• TRANSPORTATION CONVENTIONS in ATLANTIC CITY:  Since about 1890 Atlantic City has been a mecca for railroad and transit oriented conventions.  Organizations such as: American Electric Railway Association, American Railway Association, American Transit Association, Association of American Railroads, Railway Supply Manufacturers Association, Railroad Master Mechanics, and probably others have met in Atlantic City annually for many decades.  Some of the meetings drew as many as 2000 attendees and there were almost always huge outdoor displays by manufacturers of the latest locomotives and cars.  Those conventions of the past have faded away, but the annual NJ TransAction Conference, along with the NJ Shortline Railroads Association, has been held in AC for most of its 40+ years,  It is the largest transportation conference on the east coast and draws nearly 1000 each year, with 70 workshop sessions and a large vendor expo. Yes there have been other transportation related conventions outside of AC - notably: National Model Railroaders Association convention in Elizabeth in 1960; National Railroad Historical Society convention @ Newark in 1964, sponsored by the now defunct North Jersey Chapter; NMRA in Hoboken in 1964; Electric Railroaders Association in 1965;  and the NRHS convention in Somerset in 1988, which almost killed the sponsoring Tri-State Chapter. 
  YouTube:  "AAR RSMA Convention 1937 Atlantic City".  Hyperlink https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G6qbg2xA7g4&t=57s 

• TRANSPORT HERITAGE CENTERS & MULTI-MODAL MUSEUMS: Illinois Railway Museum is undoubtedly the best for operations, which includes steam, diesel and electric railroad; trolley; rapid transit; trolleybus; and bus. 
  YouTube:  "Illinois Adventure #1706 Illinois Railway Museum".  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=coApEE408Mg       
  The UK excels in this type of multi-modal tourist attraction.  We offer the following UK examples as inspiration for the future in NJ: The overall fantastic, world best is Beamish (they  have recently added a trolleybus route):
  YouTube: "Beamish - Great North Festival of Transport 2018 - The Great War Steam Fair".  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XqOx-aN1io4       
  YouTube: "East Anglia Transport Museum". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vFEpRihV7is         
  YouTube: "Black Country Museum - Dudley, UK".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExWTedlT44g                      

• TROLLEYBUSES: A primitive Trolley Electric Vehicle made a public demonstration in Newark in 1906.  It had hard rubber tires, one trolley pole, and the ground circuit was completed by the trolley rails in the street via dangling chains.  Public Service of NJ developed the technology (whereby the operator could push a button and raise or lower the overhead poles) to allow trolleybuses to operate on both twin overhead wires or by internal combustion engines in the 1930s.  PS called them All-Service Vehicles and had a fleet of some 500 vehicles.  They were all scrapped after WW II and not a single example survives, except on historic films such as:
  YouTube: "NJ Trolley" (A-SV coverage starts at 3:15)
  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wKgNn0lXL1I&t=196s 
  A Transit Journal article in August 1938 stated: "World's largest double-trolley (wire) installation: How PSCT has rebuilt 287 miles of street railway overhead line for operation of 583 A-SVs by electric power." 
  YouTube: "Modern Electric Transit 1937".  Note: Look for the diesel-electric buses, which Public Service had by the hundreds.
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6OcAhSOot8I
  Interestingly, the dual power technology developed in NJ, decades ago, is now applied to all modern trolleybuses.  Eight North American cities currently operate trolleybuses:
  YouTube: "What is the Best Trolleybus/Trackless Trolley Network in North America?"
  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NqU3IaqwrI   
  The largest trolleybus museum in the world is in the UK: 
  YouTube: "Sandtoft Trolleybus Museum 50th anniversary 28th July 2019".  
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fk_a4MNLYZA  

• TROLLEY SNOW SWEEPERS: In winter they were used to sweep the snow off trolley tracks in streets.  Most operators had many in storage for use when needed.  The last intact NJ sweeper has a most interesting history.  It is a double truck unit which was purchased by the Trenton Transit system.  When they ended operations it was purchased for use in Yonkers, NY, and thereafter went to serve the Toronto trolley system.  After a fire in the Newark City Subway destroyed the only sweeper they had, NJ Transit purchased and moved back to NJ the Toronto unit.  It is currently in the possession of the National Capital Trolley Museum...   Here's what a snow sweeper looks like when operating:
  YouTube: "Trolley Snow Sweeper IN ACTION!!!".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XTx1Xk4DSeI 

• TROLLEY TERMINALS: Our state once had a multitude of trolley terminals.  Here is a sampling:  Bayonne - PS Ferry to Staten Island;  Camden - Federal Street Ferry Terminal;  Camden - Kaighn Avenue Ferry Terminal;  Edgewater - PS Ferry Terminal;  Hoboken - PS 14th Street Ferry Terminal;  Hoboken - DL&W RR Ferry Terminal;  Jersey City - Exchange Place;  Jersey City - Journal Square (Sipp Avenue Terminal);  Kearny - Federal Shipyards;  Newark - Penn Station;  Newark - PS Terminal Building;  Paterson - Market Street;    Weehawken - NYC RR Ferry Terminal;

• TRUCKS: Thomas Edison's Lansden Co. built 1,750 battery electric trucks and wagons in Newark between 1906 and 1911. The Port of NY Authority completed the Newark Motor Truck Terminal in 1950.  With 160 truck docks, it was the largest truck terminal in the world.  The largest collection of restored Mack trucks in the world is the Mahan Collection located in Basking Ridge, NJ.  In addition to the Macks, numerous other makers of trucks, buses, autos, construction equipment, etc. are exhibited.  Friends of the NJ Transportation Heritage Center donated the Apgar Bulldog Mack tractor, the Mack Rutan Coal Co. truck, facilitated through your editor.  LHRy donated a Mack military tractor, and some funding to help the move of a spare 16" barrel from the USS New Jersey, to the Mahan Collection.  The collection is unfortunately not open to the public, but they do have periodic open houses when American Truck Historical Society chapter members and guests are invited.  Nearby in PA there is the Mack Truck Museum and there are several YouTube videos on it available.  The Mahan Collection Foundation: 
  YouTube:  "Worlds Largest Mack Truck Collection".
  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0x5i_JKlFo4 
  YouTube: "History of Mack Trucks l Truck History Episode 4".  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_aEIDAnun0w           
  The Metro Jersey Chapter of the ATHS holds an annual truck show in Sussex County. 
  YouTube: "2019 Metro Jersey Chapter 29th Anniversary Truck Show".  
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLIvkV9FQfI
  YouTube: “Let’s Go!  Mack Truck Museum”. 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xbzPlnGX8oo   
  YouTube:  “America on Wheels in Allentown, PA”. 
  Hyperlink:   https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Mmerica+on+Wheels+in+Allentown%2C+PA
  YouTube: "Roadway Express 75 Years of Service". Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dii-oHE3Zhk

• TUGBOATS: Back in the day, there were hundreds of tugboats in and around NJ - NY Harbor, plus tidal rivers, and the Delaware & Raritan Canal.  There are only a few dozen left as their need has been reduced by a tremendous decline in railroad marine freight traffic and bow thrusters installed on larger ships, etc.  In 1907 two ocean-going steam tugs were built at the Camden, NJ shipyard of John H. Dialogue and Son, at Kaighn's Point, where the Reading railroad ferry & rail terminal was later built.  They were the HERCULES and GOLIATH, both 151' long, 26' beam and powered by triple expansion steam engines with oil fired boilers, and built for a west coast (Pacific Ocean) operator.  In an era before the Panama Canal was built, the HERCULES towed the GOLIATH around the tip of South America and on to San Francisco.  HERCULES has been restored to operating condition and is preserved in the National Historic Maritime Park in San Francisco. 
  YouTube: "Steam Tug Hercules STEAM UP!". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcAjn5QUNcU
  YouTube: "New York Harbor". (1940) 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4KVL4eu5EM
  YouTube: "Rail Road Tugs".
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BXSw5dW9Jmk
  YouTube: "The tug CORNELL coming into dock". Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rP7o5wLaRJs
  YouTube: "Tug CORNELL freeing fireboat JOHN J. HARVEY from mudbank". Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-VdeeN7WmBw
  YouTube: "Day in a Life of a Tugboat Captain in New York Harbor". Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vz-HUR38AUs
  YouTube: "How to Work on a Tug Boat". Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcQKSPGOBZQ
  YouTube: "2018 Great North River Tugboat Race".  (26th annual)  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NqAb7_unwKw

• TURNTABLES: For turning railroad steam locomotives an other rail equipment were found at ends of train routes and at the centers of roundhouses.  At one time there were well over a hundred in NJ, but now there are only a couple left which still operate.  There is a turntable at Pine Creek RR which is begging to be installed to allow their equipment to be turned to even out the equipment flange wear which occurs on their circular running line...  Here is what turntables looked like in operation:
  YouTube: "Train Turntable Frostburg MD". 
  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-DVRwHqADhs
  And, we once had a unique / rare one at the Central RR of NJ Jersey City Terminal to turn the B&O Train Connection buses... 
  YouTube: "Central Railroad of NJ - Jersey City Terminal". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1rj1VTVkfcw

• TWO FOOT GAUGE RAILWAYS: This was a common gauge used by inter-plant railways in NJ and elsewhere.  The Haluwasa Shoreline Railroad provides transportation throughout a Christian Summer Camp in South Jersey:
  YouTube: "Haluwasa Shoreline Railroad - Ride through the swamp.wmv". Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lgKr78rAxs0
  The Riverview and Woodside Railroad, created by Robert Stanton, has sold their steam locomotive and has not been operated for many years, but is still in place in NJ.  There is a series of five videos on YouTube, starting with:
  "Steam Part 1".
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gn7KfLz2MHg
  This is an excellent example in PA: 
  YouTube: "Two Foot Trains and Tall Trees - Bucksgahuda & Western Railroaders Day 2014".  
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BZRT29ZhsGU
  YouTube: "Ffestiniog Railway - Quirks and Curiosities II". Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mNHJJKJ_AVM
  In the UK: YouTube: "Tracks to the Trenches III". 
  Huperlink:    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q9mAq6NLL7Q     
  This gauge was used by NJ Zinc Company at both their Franklin and Stirling mines.  We think it would be a wonderful attraction to have a figure "8" line to give rides to visitors at the Stirling Mining Museum, and LHRy would be interested in providing funding for such an attraction...   

• UNITED RAILROAD HISTORICAL SOCIETY of NJ: Has been preserving (and restoring as funds become available) their rail collection for four decades for the future NJ Transportation Heritage Center.  Many items have been leased or donated to other non-profits / operators, with the balance based at Boonton, NJ.  Some items have been displayed for a time at: Steamtown, Scranton, PA; Atlantic City, NJ; Grand Central Terminal in NYC; Roanoke, VA; etc.  The famous 20th Century Limited observation lounge car, HICKORY CREEK, is leased to StarTrak, Inc. (Luxury Rail Vacations) and has been operated all across the US and into Canada.  URHS is planning a series of public day trips along the Hudson River between NY Penn Station and Albany. 
  YouTube: "URHS Featured on Neighborhood Journal". (2013).  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPCosu7HXkQ

• VINTAGE RAILROAD VIDEOS:  Filmed between 1897 and 1906 by Edison!  Look for several familiar NJ locations.
  YouTube: RAILROADING IN THE EASTERN USA 1897-1906 BIOGRAPH NOVELTY FILMS 51974 MD
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fux-2Qc5Cq
  YouTube: "The Great Train Robbery".  Was an Edison film made on the DL&W RR near Paterson in 1903.  It was the first film to employ story telling by editing.  Hyperlink: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=In3mRDX0uqk
  YouTube: "PRR CNJ RDG B&O Interlude at Elizabeth".  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ish1L7wBvso 

• YACHT BUILDER: In the past many sailing vessels, workboats, canalboats, and pleasure vessels were built in NJ. One prominent yacht builder remains: Viking Yachts is located on the Bass River in New Gretna. They began business in 1964 and have produced over 4,000 luxury performance sport fishing and cruising yachts. 
  YouTube: "Take a Tour of Viking Yachts". 
  Hyperlink:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nQJG7jK4oAs 

We hope the above has opened your eyes and will inspire you to finally give New Jersey, THE TRANSPORTATION STATE, its Transportation Heritage Center, even if it means numerous subsidiary locations around the Garden State.  Periodically we will be upgrading the videos presented.  We will be pleased to receive your suggestions, edits, and recommendations.  Thank you!  And a bigger thank you to all who helped with this project, especially: Bob and Linda Barth, Martha Capwell Fox, Jeff Marinoff, Ken Miller, Dave Phraner, Frank Reilly, Elizabeth Roy, Jim Tomczyk, and last, but not least, Google.com, Wikipedia, & YouTube! 

Capt. Bill McKelvey, Editor
Chairman, Liberty Historic Railway
March, April, May, June, July, 2020
(COVID-19 Virus Lockdown)
Email: mckelvey@LHRy.org